Wang, Danning: Elucidating the genetic basis and environmental regulation of root-microbe associations in maize. - Bonn, 2024. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-75853
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/11524,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-75853,
doi: https://doi.org/10.48565/bonndoc-277,
author = {{Danning Wang}},
title = {Elucidating the genetic basis and environmental regulation of root-microbe associations in maize},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2024,
month = may,

note = {Microorganisms play a critical role in promoting plant growth and performance, especially under environmental stresses. Utilization of microbiomes has been proposed as a strategy to improve food production and support sustainable agroecosystems. However, the question how the genetic framework underlying maize root development influences its microbiome assembly across different environmental conditions and to what extent the microbiome influences host performance remains largely unknown, especially at the population level. In particular, the degree to which the host function affects the abundance and enrichment of specific microbes remains obscure.
In the first part of this thesis, we characterized the root and rhizosphere microbiome composition of 129 diverse Zea accessions grown under control, nitrogen-, phosphorus- and water-limited conditions. Biostatistics and co-variant analyses demonstrated that the genotype had a larger impact on the rhizosphere than root microbiome under abiotic stresses. Genomic and environmental prediction models indicated that environmental factors of the native region where the maize genotypes are originally from improved the prediction accuracy of specific microbiome abundances under phytochamber conditions. The allelic variation of one of significant SNPs S4_10445603 identified by environmental genome-wide association analyses was linked to both the predicted abundance of the keystone bacteria Massilia and the availability of total soil nitrogen in their source environments where the maize landrace germplasm was collected. Moreover, we identified a novel gene (Zm00001d048945) encoding microtubule organization processes near the SNP S4_10445603 and validated it with independent Mu-transposon insertion mutants with lateral root defects. Furthermore, root inoculation experiments using specific bacterial isolates demonstrated that Massilia alone contributed to lateral root development, and shoot biomass promotion under low nitrogen conditions.
In the second part of this thesis, to better understand whether gene expression is associated with enrichment of specific microbes underlying lateral root development, we characterized host transcriptome and bacterial community composition across different root compartments using a diverse panel of root type mutants (e.g. lateral root and root hair mutants) in maize. Integrated transcriptomic and microbial data analyses demonstrated that mutations affecting lateral root development had the largest effect on host gene expression and microbiome assembly, as compared to mutations affecting other root types. Further network association analyses demonstrated that the keystone bacteria Massilia in lateral roots are associated with root functional genes involved in flowering and overall plant biomass production. Taking advantage of microbial inoculation experiments using a maize early flowering mutant, we confirmed that Massilia-driven maize growth promotion indeed depends on flowering time.
In conclusion, specifically selected microbes by host genotype and environmental factors can establish beneficial interactions with their host plants. These beneficial microbes altered root architecture at early stages and later stages of development e.g. flowering time to promote plant growth and performance especially when facing nitrogen deficient stresses. These coherent findings provide strong genetic linkage and breeding potential to improve plant performance and resilience in future low-input agroecosystems.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/11524}
}

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