Wassie, Mengistu Alamneh: Economic Integration and Development in Africa : A Multifaceted Examination of Trade, Infrastructure, and Resilience. - Bonn, 2025. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-85644
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/13581,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-85644,
author = {{Mengistu Alamneh Wassie}},
title = {Economic Integration and Development in Africa : A Multifaceted Examination of Trade, Infrastructure, and Resilience},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2025,
month = oct,

note = {Africa's path toward economic integration and development is a long-term endeavour fraught with challenges but brims with potential. This dissertation examines the role of trade facilitation measures and trade liberalization, specifically the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA), in driving economic growth, trade, and food security and its potential to promote resilient and inclusive development, particularly in combating climate change. The first analytical chapter presents a review of studies on the potential economic, trade, and welfare impacts of the AfCFTA. This study included peer-reviewed published articles and unpublished reports, comparing the results and methodologies. In addition to the methodological differences that span from gravity and partial equilibrium, as well as general equilibrium models for different countries, regions, and global levels, most studies applied their own contextualized liberalization schedules and mechanisms of implementation. Findings of the reviewed studies indicate that implementing AfCFTA significantly enhances the trade of the continent, gross domestic product (GDP), and welfare, but only if supplemented with reduction of nontariff barriers and trade facilitation implementation.
The second chapter explores the effects of trade facilitation measures on inter- and intraAfrican trade and presents a calculation of the ad valorem tariff equivalent (AVE) costs. This study reevaluated the impacts of trade facilitation in Africa by utilizing data from the World Bank on the time required for trade, specifically the number of days to export and import. In the structural gravity model, the ad valorem tariff equivalent costs were calculated, which are crucial to assess the general equilibrium effects of trade facilitation. A 1-day delay in trade has a tariff equivalent to 0.9%. Findings indicate that the time required for trade has a more significant influence on intra-African trade than inter-African trade, with a more substantial effect observed in imports than exports. Moreover, counterfactual simulations indicate that halving the number of days to trade of each country could increase African imports and exports by 30.2% and 12.7% on average, respectively.
The third chapter presents an analysis of the impact of climate change on the Ethiopian economy using a recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model. By utilizing data from Waldhoff et al. (2020) projection of temperature and rainfall shocks of crops, the study analyzes these shocks under two emission scenarios: representative concentration pathways (RCP) 4.5 and 8.5, with estimates and projections made at the national and product levels. Findings indicate that climate change will significantly harm the GDP, trade, and food security of the country, with effects rippling beyond the agricultural sector into the broader economy. Meanwhile, the urban and rural poor are projected to suffer the most drastic reductions in income and consumption owing to these shocks. Moreover, the spillover effects from agriculture to other industries reduced domestic demand and production, and some increases in manufacturing and service exports occurred. These dynamics ultimately adversely affect the food security of the country. The fourth chapter presents an analysis of the implications of the participation of Ethiopia in the AfCFTA amid climate change. The challenges posed by climate change to the agricultural sector will notably decline staple crop output and agricultural GDP in the future; the AfCFTA could enhance production, trade, and employment by enhancing the competitiveness of the country.
The gradual elimination of import tariffs and reduction of transaction costs owing to the AfCFTA could significantly boost trade of Ethiopia, especially in mining, processed foods, textiles, and finance services. Although these trade liberalization efforts encourage growth in imports and exports, they may not fully counterbalance the severe impacts of climate change. Moreover, the government may face moderate losses in tariff revenues, estimated at 11.5% of total tariff revenue, potentially straining its budget. Therefore, the Ethiopian government should leverage the economic advantages of the AfCFTA to dampen the adverse effects of climate change, such as production, trade and food security and strengthen its regional economic power.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/13581}
}

Die folgenden Nutzungsbestimmungen sind mit dieser Ressource verbunden:

Namensnennung 4.0 International