Kotnik, Tomaž: Optimisation of nitrogen management after harvest of the main crop by growing turnips [Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.] as a catch crop and field vegetable. - Bonn, 2006. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-09228
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/2394,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-09228,
author = {{Tomaž Kotnik}},
title = {Optimisation of nitrogen management after harvest of the main crop by growing turnips [Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.] as a catch crop and field vegetable},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2006,
volume = 28,
note = {The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the short growing season after the harvest of potatoes (PO) and faba beans (FB) enables to grow a marketable crop that can at the same time reduce soil nitrate concentration. For that reason turnips (Brassica rapa L. ssp. rapifera (Metzg.) Sinsk.) grown as field vegetables were investigated in order to determine their nitrogen sink capacity, nitrogen export with marketable roots and precrop effect on following wheat crop. A 2-years field experiment (1999-2001) was conducted on brown alluvial loamy-silty to sandy-silty soils of the organically managed experimental farm Wiesengut near Bonn, Germany (7 17' E, 50 48' N). The experimental design was a Latin Square with four replications. Single plot size was 6 x 12 m. The amount of soil nitrate after harvest of PO and FB reached up to 120 and 88 kg NO3--N ha-1 in the upper 90 cm soil depth, respectively. Turnips cv. 'Market Express F1' (Me), 'Petrowski' (Pe) and reference crop white mustard cv. 'Zlata' (Wm), were sown immediately after harvesting the main crops. Bare fallow (F) was used as a control. In both years after PO and FB, 100 days after sowing, Me, Pe and Wm took up 57 - 101, 60 - 120 and 73 - 207 kg N ha-1 respectively, thus reducing soil nitrate content up to 105 kg NO3--N ha-1 compared with F. DM yield of turnip roots (1.13 - 1.66 t ha-1) represented 40 to 65 % of total DM yield, containing between 32 and 60 % (34 - 53 kg N ha-1) of all accumulated nitrogen. Catch crops decreased grain yield of following winter wheat between 6 - 17 % compared to F and the total N uptake of winter wheat grown after catch crops was reduced up to 29 kg N ha-1. However decrease in total DM yield of wheat and corresponding N uptake were not influenced by N export of 34 - 53 kg N ha-1 from the field with turnip roots in autumn. When catch crops were left on the field during the winter and incorporated in spring at seed bed preparation an increase in spring wheat grain yield between 2 - 29 % and increase in total N uptake of 39.6 kg ha-1 compared to bare fallow were recorded. Export of nitrogen with roots of turnip Pe in spring ranging between 22 and 60 kg N ha-1 decreased DM grain yield of spring wheat by 1 - 17 % and reduced its total N uptake up to 26 kg ha-1. Generally, the positive precrop effect of catch crops on spring wheat was in the following order Wm > Me > Pe. Catch crops significantly influenced mineralization-immobilisation processes in the soil. Thus in autumn up to 135 kg ha-1 more nitrogen was determined in the plant - soil system when brassica catch crops were grown compared to bare soil. These results demonstrate that in a short growing period, after harvest of PO and FB, turnips can successfully be grown as field vegetables and as catch crops. Turnips produce a notable amount of marketable roots and are able to significantly reduce the soil nitrate content.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/2394}
}

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