Hillnhütter, Christian: Non-destructive evaluation of complex interactions between Heterodera schachtii and Rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet as affected by cultivar resistance. - Bonn, 2011. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-24202
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/4712,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-24202,
author = {{Christian Hillnhütter}},
title = {Non-destructive evaluation of complex interactions between Heterodera schachtii and Rhizoctonia solani on sugar beet as affected by cultivar resistance},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2011,
month = feb,

note = {The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and Rhizoctonia crown and root rot caused by the fungus Rhizoctonia solani anastomosis group 2-2IIIB were investigated for the presence of synergistic interactions on sugar beet.
Three levels of cultivar resistance were tested for their response to the fungus and nematode alone and in combination. A cultivar susceptible to both pathogens, one tolerant to R. solani and one resistant to H. schachtii were used. Synergistic damage was caused by the disease complex on the tolerant and the susceptible cultivars. Conversely, the resistant cultivar showed less damage by the disease complex than R. solani inoculated alone. Staggered time of inoculation of the two pathogens was used to investigate the effect of plant age on the development of the disease complex. It was demonstrated that younger plants were more susceptible to the disease complex. Besides destructive analysis of plant-pathogen interactions, hyperspectral leaf reflectance was used to test it’s suitability for detection of symptoms caused by each organism alone or in combination. Calculation of the Normalized Differenced Vegetation Index allowed discrimination of plants impacted by the disease complex as well as R. solani treated alone from plants of the absolute control and the H. schachtii treated plants.
Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging was tested for detection of belowground symptoms caused by R. solani and/or H. schachtii. The treatment with H. schachtii alone showed excessive lateral root development. Morphology of the roots was different to control plants. The roots were thicker near the locus of nematode inoculation. Rhizoctonia solani rotting on the beet was also detected by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance imaging. Signal intensity (water content) was lower where rotting occurred. The disease complex treated plants showed more severe rotting on the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance image near the site of nematode penetration.
Hyperspectral leaf reflectance images were processed to obtain more exact data for symptom discrimination. By calculation of several spectral vegetation indices it was possible to discriminate symptoms caused by H. schachtii, R. solani or the disease complex as opposed to healthy plants by means of leaf reflectance. Spectral vegetation indices were highly correlated with pathogen induced symptoms when obtained from hyperspectral images including soil reflectance. A supervised classification technique based on spectral reflectance was tested to differentiate between four levels of leaf symptoms caused by Rhizoctonia crown and root rot and resulted in an overall accuracy of 79 %.
Aerial and near-range hyperspectral sensors were tested on detection, discrimination and quantification of symptoms caused by Rhizoctonia crown and root rot and the beet cyst nematode in a field experiment. Georeferenced maps were constructed with ground truth data which was then correlated to different aerial and near-range hyperspectral datasets. Symptoms could be discriminated by variable temporal onset in the cropping season. By supervised classification of aerial data it was possible to quantify damage of either R. solani or H. schachtii with an overall accuracy of 78 %. More severe damage by concomitant pathogen occurrence, but no synergistic damage was observed by the disease complex under natural field conditions.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/4712}
}

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