Haile, Mekbib Gebretsadik: Volatility of International Food Prices : Impacts on Resource Allocation and on Food Supply Response. - Bonn, 2015. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-40045
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6243,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-40045,
author = {{Mekbib Gebretsadik Haile}},
title = {Volatility of International Food Prices : Impacts on Resource Allocation and on Food Supply Response},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2015,
month = jun,

note = {Uncertainty is a quintessential feature of agricultural commodity prices. After about three decades of low and relatively stable price levels, we have experienced a dramatic rise and volatility in international food prices since 2005. Besides the traditional causes of price fluctuations, agricultural commodities are increasingly connected to energy and financial markets, with potentially destabilizing impacts on prices. The study focuses on the global supply response of the world’s key staple crops, namely wheat, corn, soybeans, and rice, to changes in international food prices and volatility.
By applying the details of the crop calendar to derive monthly global acreage and production time series data for the period 1961–2010, we explicitly consider the role of seasonality in global agricultural supply response. Depending on the respective crop, the time series econometric results indicate that short-run elasticities are about 0.05 to 0.40; and price volatility tends to reduce acreage for most of the crops. Comparison of annual and monthly acreage response elasticities suggests that global acreage adjusts to new information and expectations seasonally. The analysis also indicates that acreage allocation is more sensitive to prices during spring than in winter, with varying responses across months. Furthermore, the study estimates global acreage, yield and production response of these key agricultural commodities by employing a multi–country, crop– and calendar–specific, seasonally disaggregated panel dataset, with price changes and price volatility applied accordingly. Besides confirming the time series econometric results, the dynamic panel supply response model results show that output price volatility has negative correlations with globally aggregated crop supply, implying that farmers shift land, other inputs, and yield-improving investments to crops with less volatile prices. In addition, we use the estimated coefficients to analyze whether the recent increase in prices and price volatility is an opportunity or a challenge for world food supply. Simulating the impact of the price dynamics since 2006, we find that price risk has reduced the production response of wheat in particular—and to a lesser extent, rice—thus dampening price incentive effects. The net-impact on production of the 2006–2010 price dynamics is an increase of about 3% for corn, 2% for soybeans, 1% for rice, and a decrease of about 1% for wheat. The study further develops country-specific acreage response models, which enable forecasting of planted acreages in large producer countries of major staple crops 2–3 months before planting.
Every supply response study requires some form of price expectation modelling, so do the supply response models of the present study. Using primary data from rural Ethiopia, we investigate price expectation formation of farmers. The empirical results show that information regarding current and past output prices in nearby markets, central wholesale prices and seasonal rainfall shape farmers’ price expectations. Furthermore, the results indicate that farmers who invest in acquiring better price information are more likely to have smaller price prediction errors. This calls for public investments to provide smallholders with reliable market information.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6243}
}

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