Analysis of the regulatory function of amino acids on metabolic targets and serotonin production in Drosophila melanogaster
Analysis of the regulatory function of amino acids on metabolic targets and serotonin production in Drosophila melanogaster
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DissertationPrüfungsdatum
09.12.2015Datum der Veröffentlichung
09.08.2016Erstgutachter
Pankratz, MichaelZweitgutachter
Bauer, ReinhardMetadaten
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Inhalt
Amino acid sensing mediates metabolic and behavioural adjustments in response to organismal needs. Several pathways are believed to be involved in amino acid sensing, including the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway. However, the mechanism of how organisms adjust their metabolism and feeding behaviour to their internal amino acid status is still not well understood.
In this instance, the model organism Drosophila melanogaster was used to investigate whether the amino acid transporter Pathetic (Path), which signals amino acid availability to the TOR pathway, is involved in metabolic and neuronal adjustment to nutritional status. Transcriptional analysis of the gene target of brain insulin (tobi) demonstrated a metabolic adjustment to amino acid availability, where the transcript level of tobi was dependent on nutritional peptide and amino acid composition. tobi transcript levels could also be modulated by the overexpression of the amino acid transporter Pathetic. A high level of pathetic expression was detected in serotonergic neurons, which are involved in the regulation of feeding behaviour and starvation resistance. Overexpression of Pathetic in these neurons led to an increase of the serotonin producing enzyme Tryptophan hydroxylase in the larval brain, decreased the expression of the starvation marker lipase3, and reduced survival after pupation. This indicates that in Drosophila larvae, Pathetic expression in serotonergic neurons affects serotonin signalling.
In adult Drosophila melanogaster, serotonin signalling in the insulin producing cells (IPC’s) modulates insulin signalling and starvation resistance: a decrease in serotonin signalling increases insulin-like peptide availability and decreases starvation resistance. An adjustment of insulin signalling in Drosophila is essential for starvation resistance. The transcript level of the insulin receptor (InR) indicates an adjustment to increased insulin signalling by a negative feedback mechanism.
Transcriptional analysis of InR upon Path overexpression in serotonergic neurons revealed an increase of insulin signalling in adult Drosophila. Starvation analysis of adult Drosophila melanogaster showed a decrease of starvation resistance. These results suggest a decrease in serotonin signalling in the IPC’s. The induction of TOR pathway in serotonergic neurons via overexpression of the TOR activator Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain) lead to a similar effect, but could not induce insulin signalling to the extent of as Path overexpression. The results of this work showed that increased expression of the transporter Pathetic modulates the expression of metabolic target genes and enzymes involved in serotonin production, and also affects serotonin signalling in the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain. Therefore, the TOR pathway might be involved in the regulation of metabolic and behavioural adjustment to the organismal nutrient status via the transporter Pathetic.
In this instance, the model organism Drosophila melanogaster was used to investigate whether the amino acid transporter Pathetic (Path), which signals amino acid availability to the TOR pathway, is involved in metabolic and neuronal adjustment to nutritional status. Transcriptional analysis of the gene target of brain insulin (tobi) demonstrated a metabolic adjustment to amino acid availability, where the transcript level of tobi was dependent on nutritional peptide and amino acid composition. tobi transcript levels could also be modulated by the overexpression of the amino acid transporter Pathetic. A high level of pathetic expression was detected in serotonergic neurons, which are involved in the regulation of feeding behaviour and starvation resistance. Overexpression of Pathetic in these neurons led to an increase of the serotonin producing enzyme Tryptophan hydroxylase in the larval brain, decreased the expression of the starvation marker lipase3, and reduced survival after pupation. This indicates that in Drosophila larvae, Pathetic expression in serotonergic neurons affects serotonin signalling.
In adult Drosophila melanogaster, serotonin signalling in the insulin producing cells (IPC’s) modulates insulin signalling and starvation resistance: a decrease in serotonin signalling increases insulin-like peptide availability and decreases starvation resistance. An adjustment of insulin signalling in Drosophila is essential for starvation resistance. The transcript level of the insulin receptor (InR) indicates an adjustment to increased insulin signalling by a negative feedback mechanism.
Transcriptional analysis of InR upon Path overexpression in serotonergic neurons revealed an increase of insulin signalling in adult Drosophila. Starvation analysis of adult Drosophila melanogaster showed a decrease of starvation resistance. These results suggest a decrease in serotonin signalling in the IPC’s. The induction of TOR pathway in serotonergic neurons via overexpression of the TOR activator Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain) lead to a similar effect, but could not induce insulin signalling to the extent of as Path overexpression. The results of this work showed that increased expression of the transporter Pathetic modulates the expression of metabolic target genes and enzymes involved in serotonin production, and also affects serotonin signalling in the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain. Therefore, the TOR pathway might be involved in the regulation of metabolic and behavioural adjustment to the organismal nutrient status via the transporter Pathetic.
Schlagwörter
TOR-Signalweg, Serotonin, Aminosäure, Transporter, Nährstoffsignale, Neurotransmitter, TOR pathway, amino acid, nutrient signalling
Klassifikation (DDC)
570 Biowissenschaften, BiologieHübner, Tatjana: Analysis of the regulatory function of amino acids on metabolic targets and serotonin production in Drosophila melanogaster. - Bonn, 2016. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-44279
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-44279
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6851,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-44279,
author = {{Tatjana Hübner}},
title = {Analysis of the regulatory function of amino acids on metabolic targets and serotonin production in Drosophila melanogaster},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2016,
month = aug,
note = {Amino acid sensing mediates metabolic and behavioural adjustments in response to organismal needs. Several pathways are believed to be involved in amino acid sensing, including the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway. However, the mechanism of how organisms adjust their metabolism and feeding behaviour to their internal amino acid status is still not well understood.
In this instance, the model organism Drosophila melanogaster was used to investigate whether the amino acid transporter Pathetic (Path), which signals amino acid availability to the TOR pathway, is involved in metabolic and neuronal adjustment to nutritional status. Transcriptional analysis of the gene target of brain insulin (tobi) demonstrated a metabolic adjustment to amino acid availability, where the transcript level of tobi was dependent on nutritional peptide and amino acid composition. tobi transcript levels could also be modulated by the overexpression of the amino acid transporter Pathetic. A high level of pathetic expression was detected in serotonergic neurons, which are involved in the regulation of feeding behaviour and starvation resistance. Overexpression of Pathetic in these neurons led to an increase of the serotonin producing enzyme Tryptophan hydroxylase in the larval brain, decreased the expression of the starvation marker lipase3, and reduced survival after pupation. This indicates that in Drosophila larvae, Pathetic expression in serotonergic neurons affects serotonin signalling.
In adult Drosophila melanogaster, serotonin signalling in the insulin producing cells (IPC’s) modulates insulin signalling and starvation resistance: a decrease in serotonin signalling increases insulin-like peptide availability and decreases starvation resistance. An adjustment of insulin signalling in Drosophila is essential for starvation resistance. The transcript level of the insulin receptor (InR) indicates an adjustment to increased insulin signalling by a negative feedback mechanism.
Transcriptional analysis of InR upon Path overexpression in serotonergic neurons revealed an increase of insulin signalling in adult Drosophila. Starvation analysis of adult Drosophila melanogaster showed a decrease of starvation resistance. These results suggest a decrease in serotonin signalling in the IPC’s. The induction of TOR pathway in serotonergic neurons via overexpression of the TOR activator Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain) lead to a similar effect, but could not induce insulin signalling to the extent of as Path overexpression. The results of this work showed that increased expression of the transporter Pathetic modulates the expression of metabolic target genes and enzymes involved in serotonin production, and also affects serotonin signalling in the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain. Therefore, the TOR pathway might be involved in the regulation of metabolic and behavioural adjustment to the organismal nutrient status via the transporter Pathetic.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6851}
}
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-44279,
author = {{Tatjana Hübner}},
title = {Analysis of the regulatory function of amino acids on metabolic targets and serotonin production in Drosophila melanogaster},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2016,
month = aug,
note = {Amino acid sensing mediates metabolic and behavioural adjustments in response to organismal needs. Several pathways are believed to be involved in amino acid sensing, including the TOR (Target of Rapamycin) pathway. However, the mechanism of how organisms adjust their metabolism and feeding behaviour to their internal amino acid status is still not well understood.
In this instance, the model organism Drosophila melanogaster was used to investigate whether the amino acid transporter Pathetic (Path), which signals amino acid availability to the TOR pathway, is involved in metabolic and neuronal adjustment to nutritional status. Transcriptional analysis of the gene target of brain insulin (tobi) demonstrated a metabolic adjustment to amino acid availability, where the transcript level of tobi was dependent on nutritional peptide and amino acid composition. tobi transcript levels could also be modulated by the overexpression of the amino acid transporter Pathetic. A high level of pathetic expression was detected in serotonergic neurons, which are involved in the regulation of feeding behaviour and starvation resistance. Overexpression of Pathetic in these neurons led to an increase of the serotonin producing enzyme Tryptophan hydroxylase in the larval brain, decreased the expression of the starvation marker lipase3, and reduced survival after pupation. This indicates that in Drosophila larvae, Pathetic expression in serotonergic neurons affects serotonin signalling.
In adult Drosophila melanogaster, serotonin signalling in the insulin producing cells (IPC’s) modulates insulin signalling and starvation resistance: a decrease in serotonin signalling increases insulin-like peptide availability and decreases starvation resistance. An adjustment of insulin signalling in Drosophila is essential for starvation resistance. The transcript level of the insulin receptor (InR) indicates an adjustment to increased insulin signalling by a negative feedback mechanism.
Transcriptional analysis of InR upon Path overexpression in serotonergic neurons revealed an increase of insulin signalling in adult Drosophila. Starvation analysis of adult Drosophila melanogaster showed a decrease of starvation resistance. These results suggest a decrease in serotonin signalling in the IPC’s. The induction of TOR pathway in serotonergic neurons via overexpression of the TOR activator Rheb (Ras homolog enriched in brain) lead to a similar effect, but could not induce insulin signalling to the extent of as Path overexpression. The results of this work showed that increased expression of the transporter Pathetic modulates the expression of metabolic target genes and enzymes involved in serotonin production, and also affects serotonin signalling in the adult Drosophila melanogaster brain. Therefore, the TOR pathway might be involved in the regulation of metabolic and behavioural adjustment to the organismal nutrient status via the transporter Pathetic.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6851}
}
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