Neuen, Christian P. T.: Simulation of Ion Migration with Particle Dynamics and the Heat-Poisson-Nernst-Planck System. - Bonn, 2016. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-45616
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6935,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-45616,
author = {{Christian P. T. Neuen}},
title = {Simulation of Ion Migration with Particle Dynamics and the Heat-Poisson-Nernst-Planck System},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2016,
month = dec,

note = {In this thesis we study the numerical simulation of ion migration and its coupled thermal effects. Many of the existing mathematical models in this area of research implicitly rely on thermal equilibrium conditions, despite the fact that the physical processes are almost exclusively driven by external influences, which move the ensemble away from equilibrium.
For the simulation to be self-sufficient and independent from experimental data for novel materials or structures, we adopt a multiscale approach. On the microscale we regard the dynamics of individual atoms and molecules using meshless particle dynamics methods in the form of non-equilibrium Molecular Dynamics. On the macroscale the ions are no longer considered individually, but as concentration functions, which are driven by an electro-chemical field. The resulting system of partial differential equations is known as the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equation system.
The basis of a Molecular Dynamics simulation is formed by the Hamiltonian function, from which conservation properties and the equations of motion for the particles are derived. For the first time we make use of the duality of work performed on a particle and its energy state to derive a formulation of the external energy, which allows for the inclusion of explicit external forces in the Hamiltonian function. The new approach is explicitly designed to also handle periodic boundary conditions and we further demonstrate that it can be combined with other variants of the Hamiltonian, such as those modeling thermostats and barostats. This approach allows for the exact computation of energy exchanged between the ensemble and its exterior, enabling us to compute the heat generated by the external forces on the atomistic scale, permitting the upscaling of a temperature source term to the macroscopic equations. For the measurement of the transferred heat we provide an a priori error estimate based on the transport properties. Measuring the transferred energy also allows for the detection of steady states in conjunction with other external effects such as thermostats.
On the macroscale we extend the Poisson-Nernst-Planck equation system by the heat equation, a constellation not present in the literature so far. We analyze the nature of the coupling between the different types of partial differential equations and consequently present a taylored discretization scheme based on the Finite Element method. For the first time we present a numerical solver for the extended Heat-Poisson-Nernst-Planck system with an arbitrary number of concentration functions and dynamic transport coefficients. Our implementation of this system allows for a variety of boundary conditions for all solution functions and the use a separate domain (and finite element space) for the evolution of the temperature.
We demonstrate the capabilities of the methods on both scales on a series of numerical experiments. On the microscale we confirm the energy transfer and conservation as well as the consistency with thermostat applications. On the macroscale we determine the convergence rates for uniform, graded and adaptively refined grids. Final experiments include a well matching comparison with experimental results from an industrial application, sensitivity analysis of simulation parameters based on uncertainty quantification methods and a showcase for the solver capabilities on complex geometries.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6935}
}

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