Herrera Martínez, Rodolfo Eduardo: Conditional cash transfers, migration, and child welfare in rural El Salvador. - Bonn, 2023. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-70612
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/10906,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-70612,
author = {{Rodolfo Eduardo Herrera Martínez}},
title = {Conditional cash transfers, migration, and child welfare in rural El Salvador},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2023,
month = jun,

note = {Governments and households take various initiatives to protect and improve children’s welfare. The present research explores how effective some of those initiatives are in protecting child nutrition, increasing schooling, and reducing child labor in rural areas. More specifically, this study asks (1) if an ongoing conditional cash transfers (CCTs) program can help maintain children’s nutritional status when rural households experience aggregated economic shocks, (2) how CCTs and remittances from international migrants affect children’s school enrollment, (3) how household participation in a CCT program might affect international remittances and migratory decisions, and (4) if the international migration of a household member affects the participation of children and adolescents in labor activities in the home country.
The results of this research indicate that an ongoing CCT program can protect child nutrition against economic shocks, such as the food price crisis of 2008. The analysis shows that children who were just entering the program at the time of the crisis were four percentage points less likely to be wasted than children not yet in the program. Moreover, children in the poorest household experienced a nine-percentage points reduction in the probability of wasting. Also, children who had received the transfers for an average of 24 months were ten percentage points less likely to have stunted growth than children in the program for about 13 months. Again, children in the poorest households saw higher gains, with an 18-percentage points reduction in the probability of being stunted.
The analysis also indicates that the CCT program significantly increased school enrollment among targeted children (aged 6 to 17 years with unfinished primary schooling). Moreover, the evidence indicates that the program increased the enrolment of non-targeted children (those with completed primary school). On the other hand, remittance reception is found to reduce school enrollment. This negative relationship is more pronounced among children in the age corresponding to secondary school. The analysis does not find evidence that the CCT program significantly affects remittance behavior or the school enrollment of children in households receiving remittances.
Finally, migration is found to increase the participation of children and adolescents in labor activities in some instances. The analysis shows that the departure of a migrant increases the probability that children, particularly boys, participate in non-domestic activities, such as working on the family farm or wage employment outside the household. Likewise, the return of a migrant seems to increase the probability that children work in non-domestic activities. At the intensive margin, the return of a migrant is associated with an increase in the time children dedicate to non-domestic labor activities. The analysis could not discard a null relationship between the departure, or the return, of a migrant and the participation of children in domestic work activities, such as cleaning, cooking, or collecting water for household consumption.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/10906}
}

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