ZEF Discussion Papers on Development Policy: Recent submissions
Now showing items 161-180 of 364
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Differential migration prospects, skill formation, and welfare
(2011-12)This paper develops a one sector, two-input model with endogenous human capital formation. The two inputs are two types of skilled labor: “engineering,” which exerts a positive externality on total factor productivity, and ... -
Determinants of participation in child’s education and alternative activities in Pakistan
(2011-12)Using data from Pakistan, this study analyzed the effect of various individual, household, and community level characteristics on the probability that children engage in different activities. According to the existing trend ... -
Determinants of public health expenditures in Pakistan
(2011-11)This study describes the macroeconomic determinants of health care spending in a broad context using time series data from Pakistan on economic, demographic, social, and political variables. The data spans a period from ... -
On the formation of international migration policies when no country has an exclusive policy-setting say
(2011-10)This paper identifies the migration policies that emerge when both the sending country and the receiving country wield power to set migration quotas, when controlling migration is costly, and when the decision how much ... -
A concern about low relative income, and the alignment of utilitarianism with egalitarianism
(2011-10)A utilitarian social planner who maximizes social welfare assigns the available income to those who are most efficient in converting income into utility. However, when individuals are concerned about their income falling ... -
The new cooperative medical scheme (NCMS) and its implications for access to health care and medical expenditure: Evidence from rural China
(2011-10)The New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) program was implemented in response to ‘illness-led poverty’ and poor state of healthcare in rural China. Supported by government subsidy, more and more poor rural households are ... -
Should China revisit the 1994 fiscal reforms?
(2011-09)The 1994 reforms in China were remarkably successful in stabilizing the economy and raising revenues for the benefit of sustainable growth and permitting the central government to redistribute resources to poorer regions ... -
The merger of populations, the incidence of marriages, and aggregate unhappiness
(2011-07)Let a society’s unhappiness be measured by the aggregate of the levels of relative deprivation of its members. When two societies of equal size, <em>F</em> and <em>M</em>, merge, unhappiness in the merged society is shown ... -
Is population growth conducive to the sustainability of cooperation?
(2011-07)This paper asks whether population growth is conducive to the sustainability of cooperation. A simple model is developed in which farmers who live around a circular lake engage in trade with their adjacent neighbors. The ... -
Food demand analysis of Indonesian households with particular attention to the poorest
(2011-08)The purpose of this study is to analyze the demand responses of Indonesian households to food prices, income changes and other socioeconomic factors. The underlying assumption here is that inadequate information on household ... -
Why would some migrants choose to engage in degrading work?
(2011-03)This paper develops a model of voluntary migration into degrading work. The essence of the model is a tension between two “bads:” that which arises from being relatively deprived at home, and that which arises from engaging ... -
Endogenous selection of comparison groups, human capital formation, and tax policy
(2011-01)This paper considers a setting in which the acquisition of human capital entails a change of location in social space that causes individuals to revise their comparison groups. Skill levels are viewed as occupational groups, ... -
Harnessing the forces of urban expansion: The public economics of farmland development allowance
(2011-01)For decades, rapid urban expansion has led to concerns over the loss of cultivated land in rural China. This contrasts sharply with another salient feature of the Chinese land policy reform landscape that has gone on largely ... -
The prospect of migration, sticky wages, and "educated unemployment"
(2011-01)An increase in the probability of work abroad, where the returns to schooling are higher than at home, induces more individuals in a developing country to acquire education, which leads to an increase in the supply of ... -
Income redistribution going awry: The reversal power of the concern for relative deprivation
(2012-12)We demonstrate that a rank-preserving transfer from a richer individual to a poorer individual can exacerbate income inequality (when inequality is measured by the Gini coefficient). This happens when individuals’ preferences ... -
Intersectoral health action in Tanzania: Determinants and policy implications
(2012-12)The tremendous human resource and economic burden of HIV/AIDS, malaria and diarrhoeal diseases is well acknowledged in many developing countries. Most of these diseases have multifaceted causes such as malnutrition, the ... -
Effects of weather shocks on agricultural commodity prices in Central Asia
(2012-11)Higher weather volatility may be reflected in higher incidences of weather shocks. Weather shocks could potentially affect the supply of agricultural commodities and their prices. In this study, the effects of weather ... -
Do family ties with those left behind intensify or weaken migrants’ assimilation?
(2012-09)Strong ties with the home country and with the host country can coexist. An altruistic migrant who sends remittances to his family back home assimilates more the more altruistic he is, and also more than a non-remitting migrant. -
The role of scarcity in global virtual water flows
(2012-09)Recent analyses of the evolution and structure of trade in virtual water revealed that the number of trade connections and volume of virtual water trade have more than doubled over the past two decades, and that developed ...
