Dicks, Lena: Influence of lactation-induced and condition-dependent mobilization of body fat on bile acid metabolism of high-yielding dairy cows. - Bonn, 2024. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-76381
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/11585,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-76381,
doi: https://doi.org/10.48565/bonndoc-298,
author = {{Lena Dicks}},
title = {Influence of lactation-induced and condition-dependent mobilization of body fat on bile acid metabolism of high-yielding dairy cows},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2024,
month = jun,

note = {The transition from pregnancy to lactation is characterized by major metabolic, phys-iological, and hormonal changes. In early lactation, dairy cows experience a negative energy balance (NEB) as the energy required for milk synthesis exceeds feed intake. Thus, body reserves from muscle and adipose tissue are mobilized and used for generating energy through various conversion processes in the liver or mammary gland. Excessive body fat mobilization, particularly in over-conditioned dairy cows, negatively affects liver function and is associated with an increased incidence of metabolic diseases including ketosis and fatty liver. Bile acids (BA) are synthesized from cholesterol in the liver, conjugated with the amino acids glycine or taurine, and stored in the gallbladder. To aid in the digestion of die-tary fats and fat-soluble vitamins, they are released into the intestine, where they are modi-fied by the intestinal microbiome before being absorbed through the intestinal mucosa and transported back to the liver via the portal vein. Furthermore, BA are hormone-like signaling molecules found in various tissues, including adipose tissue (AT), being able to trigger re-ceptor-mediated signaling cascades. Changes in BA concentrations, depending on hepatic synthesis, intestinal biotransformation, and tissue metabolism, have been reported to influ-ence glucose-, lipid- and energy metabolism, including body fat content in humans. The aim of this dissertation was to investigate and characterize the influence of lactation-induced and condition-dependent body fat mobilization on the BA metabolism in dairy cows. The exper-imental design included the examination of a feeding-induced (15-7 weeks before calving) high body condition (HBCS, N = 19) and normal body condition (NBCS, N = 19) in multipa-rous cows around calving. Using a targeted metabolomics approach, 20 BA were analyzed in the liver, in subcutaneous adipose tissue (scAT) and in serum at -7, 1, 3, and 12 weeks rela-tive to calving. In addition, the mRNA abundance of BA-associated enzymes, transporters, and receptors were examined in the liver and scAT. This study shows that animals with high body condition had lower concentrations of several BA within the liver, serum, and scAT and an increased hepatic mRNA expression of enzymes involved in an alternative, generally less relevant synthesis pathway. These results suggest that an increased mobilization of AT affects the BA metabolism in dairy cows. With the onset of lactation, BA concentrations increased in both groups, which was accompanied by an increased hepatic expression of the key enzyme CYP7A1, probably an adaptation to the increased energy demand due to milk synthesis. Although BA have been detected in peripheral bovine tissues in other studies, their origin and function remain largely unexplored. We detected BA in scAT; however, en-zymatic conditions (mRNA data) may exclude de novo synthesis. The detection of the mRNA abundance of specific transporters and receptors in scAT suggests that BA may play a role in signaling cascades in scAT. This dissertation provides fundamental insights into bovine BA metabolism during the transition from pregnancy to lactation and characterizes condition-dependent and lactation-induced changes.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/11585}
}

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