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Perennial biomass crops as sustainable feedstock for carbon dioxide fixation in building materials

dc.contributor.advisorPude, Ralf
dc.contributor.authorMoll, Lüders
dc.date.accessioned2025-07-04T13:36:13Z
dc.date.available2025-07-04T13:36:13Z
dc.date.issued04.07.2025
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/13179
dc.description.abstractThe aim of a bio-based and circular economy is to help reduce dependence on fossil resources and greenhouse gas emissions. Perennial biomass crops (PBC) can offer advantages such as low fertilizer requirements which can reduce the embedded carbon footprint by a high output to input ratio of the biomass. However, PBCs are currently mostly used in bio-energy production due to lack of developed higher valued product applications. Material production for the construction industry contributes to 9% of global CO2 emissions and is therefore a worthwhile target for switching to more bio-based materials. A literature study on the example biomass Miscanthus in materials applications describes possible routes for higher valued application in polymer compounds and construction materials. Due to uncertainties in the feedstock suitability of the PBC the literature results were transferred as basis for experimental material production and performance evaluation of self-binding fiberboards and biobased light aggregates for vegetal light concrete.
For self-binding fiberboards, particle size distribution and biomass type (Picea, Paulownia, Miscanthus) significantly influenced material strength in the dry hot pressing process. Three biomasses were processed into self-binding fiberboards using a hammermill, with adjustments to the proportion of fine dust. Biomass specific sensitivities to an increasing amount of fines and linear relationships between the modulus of elasticity and the board density achieved are observed. Specific combinations of used biomass and fine particle content satisfy the modulus of elasticity requirements for load bearing applications while the modulus of rupture requires improvement. The thickness swelling in water is insufficiently high in the reported results, but in ongoing research projects concepts for a bio-based and potentially recyclable hydrophobic treatment is beeing developed.
Based on the literature study polystyrene-enriched lightweight concrete with reduced strength requirements and defined insulation properties was chosen to test parenchyma-rich Silphie as a partial substitution for the polymer foam lightweight aggregates. Using two mineral binder formulations for cement and hydraulic lime with increased biomass compatibility it is observed that an increased w/c ratio necessitates a high degree of biomass substitution of 45 %wt, to obtain a material with acceptable compressive strength and good lambda-insulation value.
Further development can be carried out by optimizing the process and material flow and recording the life cycle analyses of the process and product in order to determine the CO2 savings potential. The targeted determination of the feedstock qualities relevant for an application and the corresponding process optimization should be recorded together with other biomasses. This can expand the base of raw material sources for a bio-based and circular economy.
en
dc.language.isoeng
dc.rightsIn Copyright
dc.rights.urihttp://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/
dc.subjectMiscanthus
dc.subjectPaulownia
dc.subjectcup plant
dc.subjectCO2 fixation
dc.subjectgreening
dc.subjectlow-input
dc.subjectlignocellulosic biomass
dc.subjectperennial biomass crop
dc.subjectSilica rich plants
dc.subjectbuilding material
dc.subjectconstruction material
dc.subjectlightweight concrete
dc.subjectinsulation
dc.subjectcomposites
dc.subjectself-binding
dc.subjectfiberboards
dc.subjectsustainable construction
dc.subjectbiobased
dc.subject.ddc630 Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
dc.titlePerennial biomass crops as sustainable feedstock for carbon dioxide fixation in building materials
dc.typeDissertation oder Habilitation
dc.publisher.nameUniversitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
dc.publisher.locationBonn
dc.rights.accessRightsopenAccess
dc.identifier.urnhttps://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-82472
dc.relation.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10020308
dc.relation.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/ma17163982
dc.relation.doihttps://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12010178
ulbbn.pubtypeErstveröffentlichung
ulbbnediss.affiliation.nameRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn
ulbbnediss.affiliation.locationBonn
ulbbnediss.thesis.levelDissertation
ulbbnediss.dissID8247
ulbbnediss.date.accepted10.04.2025
ulbbnediss.instituteAgrar-, Ernährungs- und Ingenieurwissenschaftliche Fakultät : Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz (INRES)
ulbbnediss.fakultaetAgrar-, Ernährungs- und Ingenieurwissenschaftliche Fakultät
dc.contributor.coRefereeSchulze, Margit
ulbbnediss.contributor.orcidhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1288-8871


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