Moradi Ghahderijani, Mohammad: Microbiological and molecular assessment of interactions among the major Fusarium head blight pathogens on wheat ears. - Bonn, 2008. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-13956
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/3249,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-13956,
author = {{Mohammad Moradi Ghahderijani}},
title = {Microbiological and molecular assessment of interactions among the major Fusarium head blight pathogens on wheat ears},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2008,
note = {Investigations on putative interactions among Fusarium species colonizing wheat ears were carried out to understand the high frequency of species with low virulence in the presence of more virulent ones. To determine inter-species interactions among the major Fusarium head blight pathogens, wheat ears were inoculated at mid flowering either with F. graminearum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum and F. poae alone or in combinations of two, three or four isolates under field and greenhouse conditions. The isolates and the composition of inoculum significantly affected FHB severity, kernel weight, number of Fusarium-infected kernels, fungal biomass and mycotoxin production. In single or mixed inoculations, F. graminearum resulted in the highest disease ratings, frequency and intensity of kernel colonization and mycotoxin production, followed by F. culmorum, F. avenaceum and F. poae, respectively. In mixtures, the frequency of F. culmorum, F. avenaceum and F. poae infected kernels and fungal biomass in most cases was lower than in single inoculations, while the mycotoxin productivity significantly increased. The study demonstrated that significant interactions exist between or among Fusarium isolates during kernel colonization, such as competition and amensalism. These interactions were disadvantageous to less-virulent isolates, although to different degrees, no additive effects were detected. Competitiveness and virulence of isolates varied as quantified by the different parameters; they decreased in the order Fusarium graminearum, F. culmorum, F. avenaceum and F. poae, respectively. The frequency of infected spikelets increased with sampling time either in inoculation alone or in mixtures. For F. graminearum, the increase in the percentage of infected spikelets was unaffected by the presence of other isolates, while the other isolates were inhibited by its presence in mixed inoculations. The frequency of infection of wheat flower parts by Fusarium isolates decreased in the order lemma, palea, glume and developing kernel. One to three weeks after mixed inoculations, a high number of spikelets (10-20%) were infected by more than 1 isolate. In contrast, there was relatively low percentage of kernels bearing two Fusarium isolates at harvest (2% ≥). The highest levels of infection with two Fusarium isolates were observed in mixtures including F. avenaceum and F. culmorum. In contrast, infection frequencies were lowest in co-inoculations with F. poae. The comparison of frequency and intensity of kernel colonization proved differences in virulence and development of the isolates in the kernels. Only for the most virulent isolate, application of microbiological and real-time PCR assays gave similar results. For the other species, the intensity of kernel colonization was lower than expected from the frequency of infection. The high frequency of low-virulent Fusarium isolates in a FHB complex has to be attributed to others factors than direct interactions with highly virulent isolates during establishment on the wheat ears. The investigations indicated the biological complexity of multiple Fusarium-infections, head-Scab development and mycotoxin contamination of cereals.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3249}
}

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