Pattison, Anthony Barry: The importance of the antagonistic potential in the management of populations of plant-parasitic nematodes in banana (Musa AAA) as influenced by agronomic factors. - Bonn, 2011. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-26459
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-26459
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/4750,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-26459,
author = {{Anthony Barry Pattison}},
title = {The importance of the antagonistic potential in the management of populations of plant-parasitic nematodes in banana (Musa AAA) as influenced by agronomic factors},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2011,
month = oct,
note = {Plant-parasitic nematodes are a major obstacle to sustainable banana production around the world. The use of organic amendments was investigated as one method to stimulate organisms that are antagonistic to plant-parasitic nematodes. Nine different amendments; mill mud, mill ash (by-products from processing sugarcane), biosolids, municipal waste (MW) compost, banana residue, grass hay, legume hay, molasses and calcium silicate (CaSi) were applied in a glasshouse experiment. Significant suppression of Radopholus similis occurred in soils amended with legume hay, grass hay, banana residue and mill mud relative to untreated soil, which increased the nematode community structure index, indicating greater potential for predation.
A field experiment was established to determine the changes in soil properties following applications of compost, grass hay, mill mud and mill ash. At the termination of the experiment there was significant increase in bunch size in the mill ash treatment relative to the untreated plants. Furthermore, in the soil treated with additional organic matter there was an increase in labile C, the number of omnivorous nematodes and lower proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes relative to the untreated soil. The suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes resulting from the addition of organic matter appeared to be the result of a combination of two factors; nematoxic compounds produced in the early degradation of the organic matter, followed by an increase in nematode antagonists favoured by an increase in soil fungal activity.
A study was implemented on 10 banana plantations in north Queensland to determine differences in soil management, soil physical, chemical and nematode community properties. A principal component analysis could explain 61% of the variation between farms and identified the proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes, labile C, nitrate-N, and the number of fungal feeding nematodes as the most important soil factors. When used in combination the ratio of labile C and nitrate-N in the soil and the diversity of nematodes were able to explain 88.7% of the variation in the proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes in the soil. A similar survey of 21 banana plantations in Costa Rica using 34 soil variables was able to explain 71% of variation between plantations from five principle components. A bioassay of the soil collected, which was inoculated with R. similis, resulted in different populations of the nematode recovered from the different soils. The differences could be explained by soil pH, structure index and Zn using a multiple linear regression model, which explained 79.2% of the variation. Furthermore, the correlation of soil pH with nematode diversity suggested that pH was the factor limiting the biological suppression of R. similis in the Costa Rican banana plantations.
The development of soils capable of suppressing plant-parasitic nematodes requires and understanding of soil constraints in the farming system. In Australia, soil C appeared to constrain antagonists, whereas, in Costa Rica low soil pH constrained the diversity of the soil nematode community. Management options to increase soil C in Australia and to increase soil pH in Costa Rica are necessary to develop a more favourable soil environment for the suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes by antagonistic soil organisms.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/4750}
}
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-26459,
author = {{Anthony Barry Pattison}},
title = {The importance of the antagonistic potential in the management of populations of plant-parasitic nematodes in banana (Musa AAA) as influenced by agronomic factors},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2011,
month = oct,
note = {Plant-parasitic nematodes are a major obstacle to sustainable banana production around the world. The use of organic amendments was investigated as one method to stimulate organisms that are antagonistic to plant-parasitic nematodes. Nine different amendments; mill mud, mill ash (by-products from processing sugarcane), biosolids, municipal waste (MW) compost, banana residue, grass hay, legume hay, molasses and calcium silicate (CaSi) were applied in a glasshouse experiment. Significant suppression of Radopholus similis occurred in soils amended with legume hay, grass hay, banana residue and mill mud relative to untreated soil, which increased the nematode community structure index, indicating greater potential for predation.
A field experiment was established to determine the changes in soil properties following applications of compost, grass hay, mill mud and mill ash. At the termination of the experiment there was significant increase in bunch size in the mill ash treatment relative to the untreated plants. Furthermore, in the soil treated with additional organic matter there was an increase in labile C, the number of omnivorous nematodes and lower proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes relative to the untreated soil. The suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes resulting from the addition of organic matter appeared to be the result of a combination of two factors; nematoxic compounds produced in the early degradation of the organic matter, followed by an increase in nematode antagonists favoured by an increase in soil fungal activity.
A study was implemented on 10 banana plantations in north Queensland to determine differences in soil management, soil physical, chemical and nematode community properties. A principal component analysis could explain 61% of the variation between farms and identified the proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes, labile C, nitrate-N, and the number of fungal feeding nematodes as the most important soil factors. When used in combination the ratio of labile C and nitrate-N in the soil and the diversity of nematodes were able to explain 88.7% of the variation in the proportion of plant-parasitic nematodes in the soil. A similar survey of 21 banana plantations in Costa Rica using 34 soil variables was able to explain 71% of variation between plantations from five principle components. A bioassay of the soil collected, which was inoculated with R. similis, resulted in different populations of the nematode recovered from the different soils. The differences could be explained by soil pH, structure index and Zn using a multiple linear regression model, which explained 79.2% of the variation. Furthermore, the correlation of soil pH with nematode diversity suggested that pH was the factor limiting the biological suppression of R. similis in the Costa Rican banana plantations.
The development of soils capable of suppressing plant-parasitic nematodes requires and understanding of soil constraints in the farming system. In Australia, soil C appeared to constrain antagonists, whereas, in Costa Rica low soil pH constrained the diversity of the soil nematode community. Management options to increase soil C in Australia and to increase soil pH in Costa Rica are necessary to develop a more favourable soil environment for the suppression of plant-parasitic nematodes by antagonistic soil organisms.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/4750}
}





