Heil, Jannis: The role of abiotic processes in the formation and degradation of gaseous nitrogen compounds in the soil. - Bonn, 2015. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-41151
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6260,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-41151,
author = {{Jannis Heil}},
title = {The role of abiotic processes in the formation and degradation of gaseous nitrogen compounds in the soil},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2015,
month = sep,

note = {Soils are a major source of nitrogen (N) trace gases, especially of nitrous oxide (N2O) and nitric oxide (NO). The two microbial processes nitrification and denitrification are considered the major contributors to these emissions. While microbial denitrification has long been identified as a source of N trace gases under reducing conditions, N trace gas formation under aerobic conditions is far from being completely understood. Several abiotic reactions involving the nitrification intermediates hydroxylamine (NH2OH) and nitrite (NO2) have been identified leading to N2O and NO emissions, but are neglected in most current studies. Further, there is a potential abiotic sink function of soils for N2O via photochemical destruction. For better N trace gas mitigation strategies, the identification of the major source and sink processes and their role in the global N cycle is vital.
Prior to the experimental work, this thesis reviews information about the role of abiotic processes in the formation of N trace gases from the few available studies reporting on abiotic emissions. It merges the gained information into a new conceptual model explaining the formation of the N trace gases N2O, NO, as well as gaseous nitrous acid (HONO) by coupled biotic-abiotic reaction mechanisms. The relevant reactions are: the self-decomposition of NO2, reactions of NO2 with reduced metal cations, the nitrosation of soil organic matter (SOM) by NO2, the comproportionation of NO2 and NH2OH, and the oxidation of NH2OH by manganese or iron. While reactions involving NO2 have been shown to produce primarily NO, reactions of NH2OH are known to lead to N2O as their main product.
In soils it is difficult to discriminate between biological and abiotic processes. Here, stable isotope techniques are a promising tool to give more insight into the production processes. Especially the site preference (SP) of 15N in N2O can help to source partition between processes. Experiments have been designed to study the abiotic formation of N2O from NH2OH in solutions and in different non-sterile and sterile soils from forest, grassland, and cropland. While organic forest soils showed hardly any N2O formation upon NH2OH addition, an immediate and strong formation of N2O was observed in cropland soil, also in sterilized samples. A correlation analysis revealed a positive relationship of the NH2OH-induced N2O formation with soil pH and manganese content, construing an effect of pH on NH2OH stability and of manganese acting as an oxidation agent for NH2OH. A negative correlation between abiotic N2O formation and C/N ratio was found that could indicate a possible competitive reaction of NH2OH with functional groups of SOM. All abiotic N2O production pathways showed a characteristic, high SP unaffected by reaction conditions.
For studying a photochemical decomposition mechanism of N2O that could potentially act as a sink for N2O in hot desert regions of the world, experiments simulating such conditions have been conducted using a laser absorption spectrometer coupled to a flow-through reaction chamber in a closed loop mode. However, N2O decomposition could not be observed, at least not within the short timeframe and the conditions of the experiments, and thus photochemical destruction on hot siliceous surfaces could not be verified.
This thesis suggests a coupled biotic-abiotic production of N2O during nitrification, which could be initialized by a leakage of the nitrification intermediate NH2OH from nitrifying microorganisms with subsequent reaction in the soil matrix. This mechanism could be significant in agroecosystems showing high nitrification rates upon fertilizer application and commonly having a low organic matter content and a near-neutral pH, but further research is needed to quantify the contribution of abiotic processes to total N2O emissions.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6260}
}

Die folgenden Nutzungsbestimmungen sind mit dieser Ressource verbunden:

InCopyright