Montenegro-Bethancourt, Gabriela: Application and perspectives of non-invasive urinary biomarker measurements in epidemiological research on child nutrition: hydration and iodine status, two health-relevant examples. - Bonn, 2015. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-42102
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6277,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-42102,
author = {{Gabriela Montenegro-Bethancourt}},
title = {Application and perspectives of non-invasive urinary biomarker measurements in epidemiological research on child nutrition: hydration and iodine status, two health-relevant examples},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2015,
month = nov,

note = {Non-invasive biomarkers of nutritional status provide a promising and alternative measure of dietary intakes in epidemiological research. Hydration and Iodine Status are two examples of important predictors of long-term health and cognitive performance, especially in children, for which urinary biomarkers exist. The aim of the present thesis was to exemplarily examine the application of these urinary biomarkers for the investigation of the interactions with dietary patterns in children and also to methodologically check long-term stability of urinary parameters used for the present and for additional biomarker analyses. Databases for the four consecutively conducted studies were the prospective Dortmund Nutritional and Anthropometric Longitudinally Designed (DONALD) Study, which collects data on diet, growth and metabolism in healthy children from birth until young adulthood.
To provide information on possible analytical measurement errors, the stability and validity of ca. 20 chemical urinary analytes frequently measured in the DONALD Study were evaluated at baseline and after 12 or 15 yr of storage under moderate freezing conditions (-22º C) and without use of preservatives (Study I). 24-h Urinary concentrations of most of the analyzed metabolites were stable after the particular collection and storage conditions. The application of the hydration status biomarker “free water reserve” (a parameter comprising osmolality, urine volume) was investigated in Study II. The physiological effect of consuming fruit and vegetables (F&V) on hydration status in healthy children was analysed. The results showed that an additional intake of 100 g of F&V (in solid form), or 100 mL F&V (as juice) would increase the total body water by ~ 40 mL, independent of the intake of other important dietary water sources. In Studies III and IV, iodine status assessment using urinary iodine excretion was explored. Study III assesses the suitability of the currently recommended epidemiological parameter urinary iodine concentration measured in spot urines in 6-18 y-old children, who concomitantly collected one spot and one 24-h urine sample. Results strongly suggest that spot urine iodine concentration relevantly depending on hydration status, reasonably reflects true 24-h iodine excretion only when scaled to parallel creatinine excretion. The longitudinal analyses of Study IV in 6-12 y-olds, demonstrated that an increase in dietary animal to plant protein ratio was significantly associated with an increase in 24-h urinary iodine excretion. Although this association was partially mediated by salt intake, it underlines one of the positive aspects of a limited, not exclusively plant-based nutrition.
The results of the present thesis have shown in four studies the high potential but also the pit-falls in the application of urinary biomarker measurements in epidemiological research. In large epidemiological studies where only spot urines instead of 24-h urines can be collected, hydration status can strongly affect renal concentration parameters and requires a correction by creatinine measurement. A high F&V intake provides a high potential to improve hydration status of child-ren, however at the same time, a more plant based diet may somehow negatively affect their iodine status. Future application of the nutritional biomarkers in a broader context may open new possibilities for researchers to explore non-invasively the role of diet for disease prevention.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6277}
}

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