Leufen, Georg: Sensing the response of sugar beet and spring barley to abiotic and biotic stresses with proximal fluorescence techniques. - Bonn, 2016. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-42565
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6594,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-42565,
author = {{Georg Leufen}},
title = {Sensing the response of sugar beet and spring barley to abiotic and biotic stresses with proximal fluorescence techniques},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2016,
month = jan,

note = {The aim of these studies was to evaluate the potential of non-destructive fluorescence techniques for the detection and differentiation of abiotic and biotic stress situations. For this purpose, sugar beet cultivars were grown under water shortage and low nitrogen supply, and inoculated with powdery mildew (Erysiphe betae (Vanha) Weltz.). With focus on drought stress, we investigated the impact of recurrent drought on the ‘drought memory’ and the physiological performance of the plants. Finally, spring barley cultivars of different susceptibly to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei (DC.) Speer) and leaf rust (Puccinia hordei G.H. Otth.) were used to exploit the pathogen-plant interaction and the consequences for the fluorescence signature at leaf level. Here, the major aim was to analyse genotype-specific responses using spectrally-resolved and imaging-based fluorescence techniques. Experiments were structured in individual chapters, and results can be summarized as follows:
1. Mul t i -paramet ric fluorescence recording was a valuable tool to sense abiot ic and biot ic st ress symptoms in sugar beet plants . However, a robust differentiation of individual stresses by one specific fluorescence index was not possible. The most relevant fluorescence indices to detect water deficit and/or powdery mildew infection were the ‘Simple Fluorescence Ratio’ (SFR_G) and the ‘Nitrogen Balance Index’ (NBI_G), particularly due to their strong relationship with the chlorophyll concentration. In general, of the evaluated stress factors water deficit had the most pronounced impact on plant physiology.
2. Fluorescence indices based on the far-red chlorophyll fluorescence were reliable indicators for sensing temporary drought stress in sugar beet, regardless of whether the genotypes were cultivated in the field or under greenhouse conditions. This was particularly applicable for the ‘Blue-to-Far-Red Fluorescence Ratio’ (BFRR_UV) and the SFR_G. For the latter, we demonstrated that green light excitation was found to be the best suitable light source for chlorophyll fluorescence recordings, as it better reveals the responses of the stressed sugar beet plants. Besides, all evaluated cultivars had distinct responses concerning the extent of the changes during the stress and re-watering i.e. recovering phases. These findings were confirmed by gas exchange and destructive reference measurements.
3. Temporal water withholding followed by re-watering caused changes in the fluorescence lifetime (410 to 560 nm), red fluorescence intensity (FR_G) and the SFR_G; in general, the observed alterations were similar in the three consecutive drought-recovery phases. Nevertheless, the fluorescence parameters do not indicate any hints towards improved physiological response to preliminary stresses. With this, the ‘memory effect’ could not be confirmed. Destructive reference-analysis of the osmotic potential, proline and total chlorophyll concentration exhibited a different picture, as all metabolic indices showed minor changes during the second experimental phase.
4. Spectrally-resolved and image-based fluorescence techniques enabled the detection of pathogen infection, i.e. disease development in spring barley. Thereby, susceptible and resistant varieties showed distinct modifications in mean lifetime from 410 to 560 nm, both in the SFR_G and the BFRR_UV. Based on the modification of these parameters in the timecourse of the experiment it was possible to characterize the varieties according to their susceptibility degree. The multispectral fluorescence imaging system provides basic information to distinguish between both diseases, since powdery mildewed leaves significantly exhibit a higher blue and green fluorescence intensity as compared to leaf rust diseased leaves. We further highlight the importance of different excitation and emission ranges for sensing and differentiation of leaf diseases, as the UV-excited blue fluorescence and the blue-excited green fluorescence offer the most promising information for further studies on these topics.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6594}
}

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