Etay, Samuel Gebremedhn: The role of cellular and extracellular MicroRNAs in bovine follicular development and as potential indicators of early pregnancy. - Bonn, 2017. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-47039
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7016,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-47039,
author = {{Samuel Gebremedhn Etay}},
title = {The role of cellular and extracellular MicroRNAs in bovine follicular development and as potential indicators of early pregnancy},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2017,
month = apr,

volume = 184,
note = {MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of short non-coding RNA molecules, emerged as major regulators of ~60% of all protein encoding genes. These molecules play an important role in mammalian follicular growth and embryonic development by modulating the expression of genes in follicular somatic cells and early embryos at post-transcriptional level. In addition to these cellular miRNAs, extracellular miRNAs found in virtually all biological fluids are getting great attention as potential diagnostic markers for diseases and various physiological conditions. The present study was designed to characterize the expression profile and functional role of cellular miRNAs in bovine granulosa cells and assessing the potential use of extracellular miRNAs in bovine early pregnancy diagnosis. For this, three experiments were conducted.
In order to characterize specific miRNAs expression patterns, next-generation sequencing analysis in granulosa cells of preovulatory dominant and subordinate follicles obtained at day 19 of the estrous cycle revealed a total of 315 and 323 known miRNAs to be expressed, respectively. Among these, 64 miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed, of which 34 miRNAs including the miR-183-96-182 cluster were preferentially enriched, while the remaining 30 miRNAs were suppressed in preovulatory dominant follicles compared to the subordinate follicles counterpart. Moreover, the negative correlation in the expression patterns of the miR-183-96-182 cluster and its validated pro-apoptotic target gene, FOXO1 in preovulatory dominant follicles further substantiates the regulatory role of miRNAs in ovarian function during the follicular phase of the bovine estrous cycle.
Functional analysis of the miR-183-96-182 cluster miRNAs in cultured granulosa cells showed that enrichment or inhibition of this miRNA cluster resulted in suppression or increased FOXO1 mRNA and protein, respectively. Concomitantly, overexpression of the miRNA cluster increased the rate of cell proliferation, decreased the proportion of cells under the G0/G1 arrest and increased the percentage of cells under the S phase. Even though inhibition of the miR-183-96-182 cluster slowed down the rate of cell proliferation, no measurable changes in the cell cycle status were observed. Furthermore, selective knockdown of FOXO1 mRNA using siRNA showed similar phenotypes as observed in the overexpression of the miRNA cluster experiment.
In the third experiment, miRNA PCR array platform was used to determine the expression signature of extracellular miRNAs in serum samples from pregnant and non-pregnant cows at day 19 and 24 post-insemination. Results showed that a total of 302 and 316 miRNAs were detected in day 19 pregnant and non-pregnant cows, respectively. Similarly, 356 and 325 miRNAs were detected in day 24 pregnant and non-pregnant cows, respectively. Comparative expression analysis revealed 8 and 23 differentially expressed miRNAs in day 19 and 24 pregnant cows, respectively. Interestingly, 1 miRNA (miR-433) and 4 miRNAs (miR-487b, miR-495-3p, miR-376b-3p, and miR-323a-3p) homologous to the human pregnancy-associated C14MC miRNA cluster were among the differentially expressed miRNAs in day 19 and 24 pregnant cows, respectively. The predicted target genes of the differentially expressed extracellular miRNAs were found to be involved in pathways important in pregnancy implantation like the adherens junction and ECM-interaction.
Taken all together, the present study demonstrates the functional involvement of miRNAs in the later stage of bovine follicular development by coordinately targeting key genes essential in determining the follicular fate. Moreover, this study characterizes unique expression signatures of extracellular miRNAs that could be potential indicators of early pregnancy in dairy cows.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7016}
}

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