Matias, Denise Margaret Santos: Sustainability of community forestry enterprises: indigenous wild honey gathering in the UNESCO Man and Biosphere Reserve Palawan, Philippines. - Bonn, 2017. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
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@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7044,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49083,
author = {{Denise Margaret Santos Matias}},
title = {Sustainability of community forestry enterprises: indigenous wild honey gathering in the UNESCO Man and Biosphere Reserve Palawan, Philippines},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2017,
month = dec,
volume = 104,
note = {Commercialization of non-timber forest products has been one of the strategies worldwide for integrated rural poverty alleviation and forest conservation. Through a social-ecological systems approach, this dissertation aims to assess the contribution of a community forestry enterprise to sustainable rural development in an indigenous forest community in an ecological frontier. Specifically, this research work seeks to define the current relationship of indigenous Tagbanuas on Palawan island in the Philippines with giant honey bees (Apis dorsata Fab.) and analyze the impacts of a wild honey enterprise on rural livelihood, forest preservation, and traditional culture. By employing the multi-step knowledge development process of transdisciplinary research, this dissertation establishes system knowledge and target knowledge, which are both important in shaping transformative knowledge. This has the potential to influence local, regional, and global decision making processes on indigenous livelihood, forest and honey bee conservation.
In chapter two, a global review was conducted on the role of wild bees in social-ecological systems. The review shows that wild bees occupy a central role in social contexts and mostly provide services and benefits related to food, medicine, and pollination. Chapter three shows that on a local level, indigenous Tagbanuas mostly use honey for food, medicine, and material. The majority (94%) of 251 non-honey hunter Tagbanuas surveyed consume honey; however, most of them (86%) only use less than a liter of honey annually. Nowadays, honey hunters rarely perform hunting rituals and also sell beeswax, which had long been considered important in Tagbanua rituals. Despite wild honey hunting being a major livelihood activity, only 24% of those surveyed could correctly identify the giant honey bee. Inferential statistics show that lower level of education correlates with a higher probability to correctly identify the giant honey bee. Chapter four details how giant honey bee nesting areas were voluntarily mapped by honey hunters who trained in using global positioning system equipment. In chapter five, spatial analysis was conducted on nesting tree areas. Results show that vegetation cover dropped from 0.61 in the year 1988 to 0.41 in 2015. Pollen analysis showed the presence of at least 11 plant families in honey samples. This includes the mangrove family Rhizophoraceae, which hints that the giant honey bees forage in both terrestrial and coastal areas. A minority of community members responded that they use chemical fertilizers (4%) and pesticides (20%), which are known to be harmful to bees. However, the laboratory-analyzed honey samples contain no pesticide residues, showing the potential of Tagbanuas honey to be classified as organic. In chapter six, results of a gross margin and integrated value chain analysis show that downstream actors capture most of the economic value of wild honey. Commercial wild honey hunting may help avoid poverty aggravation, but it seems insufficient in alleviating poverty or guaranteeing conservation. In chapter seven, we discuss how integrated conservation and development projects have much potential in promoting sustainable development in indigenous forest communities but challenges need to be overcome to fulfill this potential. Institutions must not only focus on provisioning ecosystem services of giant honey bees, but also consider cultural and regulating services. In pursuing sustainability and systems thinking, this dissertation compels readers to pay attention to two marginalized entities: indigenous groups and honey bees other than the well-known European honey bee (A. mellifera L.). In doing so, this research hopes to influence conservation and development efforts to become more inclusive and sensitive to entities left behind.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7044}
}
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49083,
author = {{Denise Margaret Santos Matias}},
title = {Sustainability of community forestry enterprises: indigenous wild honey gathering in the UNESCO Man and Biosphere Reserve Palawan, Philippines},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2017,
month = dec,
volume = 104,
note = {Commercialization of non-timber forest products has been one of the strategies worldwide for integrated rural poverty alleviation and forest conservation. Through a social-ecological systems approach, this dissertation aims to assess the contribution of a community forestry enterprise to sustainable rural development in an indigenous forest community in an ecological frontier. Specifically, this research work seeks to define the current relationship of indigenous Tagbanuas on Palawan island in the Philippines with giant honey bees (Apis dorsata Fab.) and analyze the impacts of a wild honey enterprise on rural livelihood, forest preservation, and traditional culture. By employing the multi-step knowledge development process of transdisciplinary research, this dissertation establishes system knowledge and target knowledge, which are both important in shaping transformative knowledge. This has the potential to influence local, regional, and global decision making processes on indigenous livelihood, forest and honey bee conservation.
In chapter two, a global review was conducted on the role of wild bees in social-ecological systems. The review shows that wild bees occupy a central role in social contexts and mostly provide services and benefits related to food, medicine, and pollination. Chapter three shows that on a local level, indigenous Tagbanuas mostly use honey for food, medicine, and material. The majority (94%) of 251 non-honey hunter Tagbanuas surveyed consume honey; however, most of them (86%) only use less than a liter of honey annually. Nowadays, honey hunters rarely perform hunting rituals and also sell beeswax, which had long been considered important in Tagbanua rituals. Despite wild honey hunting being a major livelihood activity, only 24% of those surveyed could correctly identify the giant honey bee. Inferential statistics show that lower level of education correlates with a higher probability to correctly identify the giant honey bee. Chapter four details how giant honey bee nesting areas were voluntarily mapped by honey hunters who trained in using global positioning system equipment. In chapter five, spatial analysis was conducted on nesting tree areas. Results show that vegetation cover dropped from 0.61 in the year 1988 to 0.41 in 2015. Pollen analysis showed the presence of at least 11 plant families in honey samples. This includes the mangrove family Rhizophoraceae, which hints that the giant honey bees forage in both terrestrial and coastal areas. A minority of community members responded that they use chemical fertilizers (4%) and pesticides (20%), which are known to be harmful to bees. However, the laboratory-analyzed honey samples contain no pesticide residues, showing the potential of Tagbanuas honey to be classified as organic. In chapter six, results of a gross margin and integrated value chain analysis show that downstream actors capture most of the economic value of wild honey. Commercial wild honey hunting may help avoid poverty aggravation, but it seems insufficient in alleviating poverty or guaranteeing conservation. In chapter seven, we discuss how integrated conservation and development projects have much potential in promoting sustainable development in indigenous forest communities but challenges need to be overcome to fulfill this potential. Institutions must not only focus on provisioning ecosystem services of giant honey bees, but also consider cultural and regulating services. In pursuing sustainability and systems thinking, this dissertation compels readers to pay attention to two marginalized entities: indigenous groups and honey bees other than the well-known European honey bee (A. mellifera L.). In doing so, this research hopes to influence conservation and development efforts to become more inclusive and sensitive to entities left behind.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7044}
}