Lee, Heera: Analyzing trade-offs between ecosystem services in multi-functional landscapes. - Bonn, 2018. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49721
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7332,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49721,
author = {{Heera Lee}},
title = {Analyzing trade-offs between ecosystem services in multi-functional landscapes},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2018,
month = mar,

note = {The urgent need to preserve multiple ecosystem services is one of the key challenges in natural resource management globally. A management decision can cause undesired con- sequences when a decision is made without a comprehensive understanding of provided ecosystems services. These consequences can lead to trade-off situations when a service increases at the cost of another service. An informed decision is therefore crucial to re- duce unexpected trade-offs between ecosystem services and to preserve multiple ecosystem services at the same time. The international community initiated the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) to strengthen the link between the scientific evidence and policy making. To support the IPBES process, various review studies have been conducted in the ecosystem services research community. Yet, they often appear to be qualitative; therefore, a quantitative synthesis on relation- ships requires further investigation. At the same time, an effective way of quantifying less-studied ecosystem services (i.e., cultural ecosystem services) has to be found.
The first two studies presented in this thesis contribute to the synthesis of case studies on relationships between multiple ecosystem services. In the first study, a dominant re- lationship between pairwise combinations of ecosystem services was determined based on 67 case studies with 476 pairs of ecosystem services. Also, the effect of scale, land sys- tems (a combined measure of land use and bioms), and the methods used to determine the relationship on the pattern of dominant relationships was tested. Across case studies, the trade-off relationships were dominant between provisioning and regulating services, whereas synergistic relationships were dominant between different regulating services, or between different cultural services. Increases in cultural services did not influence regulat- ing services, which led to no-effect relationships between them. The dominant pattern of relationships was not influenced by either scale or land system archetype. It is partly due to biased case studies, which hampered the comparison. The method used to determine the relationships influenced the direction of relationships between ecosystem services, which calls for further attention when a researcher or practitioner chooses a method to analyze relationships between ecosystem services.
The relationships were further investigated based on the management choices in the sec- ond study. The second study focuses on the impacts of alternative agricultural practices on multiple ecosystem services in the Mediterranean basin using the meta-analysis method. As the ecosystem services provisioning in the Mediterranean basin is threatened by on- going climate change and unsustainable use of rural land, the alternative agricultural management approaches may reduce unexpected trade-offs between agricultural produc- tion and regulating services. The frequently found alternative agricultural practices in case studies (conservation tillage, cover cropping, mulching, manual weed management, organic fertilizer use, irrigation system) were compared to the pairwise conventional prac- tices based on 155 published case studies. The results showed that all regulating services were positively affected by the conservation schemes since they improve the soil quality. However, the impacts on food provisioning services were inconsistent.
In the last study, a new methodological framework was developed to quantify and map cultural ecosystem services using crowd-sourced photos uploaded in the Flickr archive.Subsequently, the quantified cultural ecosystem services were compared with other services such as carbon sequestration and flora and fauna diversity in the Mulde watershed in Saxony, Germany. Based on semantic tags and the network analysis of tags, the thematic information of photos was classified into nine clusters, two of which were related to cultural ecosystem services. The hotspots identified based on the contents of photos were related to butterfly richness. Photos were rarely related to carbon sequestration.
Taken together, this PhD thesis investigated relationships between multiple ecosystem ser- vices on three different spatial scales: a global synthesis, Mediterranean agro-ecosystems and the river Mulde watershed. The results of this thesis emphasize that trade-off and synergy effects need to be evaluated to successfully assess multiple ecosystem services. I further identified a lack of results in cultural services and therefore provide a methodolog- ical guideline to perform a quantification of cultural ecosystem service.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7332}
}

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