Al Masri, Ali: Application of proximal sensing techniques for epidemiological investigations of Fusarium head blight in wheat under field and controlled conditions. - Bonn, 2018. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49864
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7335,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49864,
author = {{Ali Al Masri}},
title = {Application of proximal sensing techniques for epidemiological investigations of Fusarium head blight in wheat under field and controlled conditions},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2018,
month = feb,

note = {Sensors can provide valuable insight into studying the physiological disorder due to plant pathogens. Fusarium head blight (FHB) influences the optical properties of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at canopy and ear levels. This research aimed to investigate these complex disease situations under field as well as controlled conditions with the application of proximal sensing systems.
Observations under field conditions revealed that the presence of foliar diseases is associated with higher Fusarium infection in the wheat canopy (cv. Tobak and Pamier), which might be attributed to reduced defence mechanisms. This was reflected in increased FHB incidence visually assessed at growth stage (GS) 83. Fungicides applied against foliar diseases before anthesis reduced FHB presence, which might be not only due to reducing the available inoculum in the canopy but also due to promoting defenses against Fusarium infection. Furthermore, prediction of FHB through spectral parameters such as blue-green index 2 (BGI2) and photochemical reflection index (PRI) proved to be very promising.
At ear level, development of Fusarium infection is dependent on the primary infection site within ears and the prevailing environmental conditions after infection. Such a relationship was verified under controlled conditions after tip, centre and base inoculations, separately, by F. graminearum and F. culmorum of wheat ears (cv. Passat). Symptom dynamics (FHB index) were slower downwards within ears in comparison to the upward development. In contrast to the symptom appearance the infection of Fusarium species proved to be directed basipetally – a rare development of fungal infections. According to these observations it could be revealed that higher temperatures accelerated the ripening of ears and allowed these plants to escape the infection within ears. In contrast, at lower temperatures, higher disease severity was observed even for tip infection.
Infrared thermography could predict this primary site of ear infection through temperature span within ears and enabled disease detection before symptoms became visible. The temperature difference between air and ear was negatively correlated to FHB index and allowed disease detection at early senescence stage. Combining the features of thermal measurements and chlorophyll fluorescence images proved to present a high potential in characterising FHB at spikelet level. Discriminating spikelets infected with F. graminearum from those infected with F. culmorum were enabled up to 100% accuracy by fusion of sensor data.
This study demonstrated that FHB is influenced by foliar wheat diseases when at low severities of both. The control of leaf pathogens by fungicides can play an important part in integrated disease management – also against Fusarium infections. It could also be confirmed that primary infection sites within ears and the prevailing environmental conditions after infection are key factors which determine the later development of FHB. Sensors proved to be useful in monitoring and assessing FHB under field conditions – detailed investigations under controlled conditions provided more profound insights in this regard. The findings of this research contribute to more efficient control of FHB using the concepts of remote sensing to improve precision plant protection and may be applied in selection processes of breeding for FHB resistance as well.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7335}
}

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