Brüning, Dave: The effect of air exposure before and after ensiling on maize silage quality and dietary choice by goats. - Bonn, 2018. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-51175
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7352,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-51175,
author = {{Dave Brüning}},
title = {The effect of air exposure before and after ensiling on maize silage quality and dietary choice by goats},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2018,
month = jul,

note = {The overall aim of the thesis was to determine the effect of air exposure before and after ensiling on quality of whole-crop maize silage and to determine the influence of the resulting changes on dietary choice by goats. Three fixed factors (compaction, sealing and aerobic exposure post-opening) were selected and varied in order to ensure ingress of air in different stages of the conservation process and afterwards. Whole-crop maize (277 g kg-1 dry matter [DM]) was chopped and ensiled in 120-L plastic silos, which were either compacted to low (194 kg DM m-3) or high (234 kg DM m-3) density and sealed either immediately or with a delay at day 2 or at day 4 post-filling, making a total of six treatments. After sealing, all silos were stored for at least 175 days and then opened. After silo opening, silages were removed, sampled and exposed to air for 6 days. During aerobic exposure, samples were taken from the silages at 2-day intervals to determine silage composition and quality. Silage samples were also taken at the respective days of aerobic exposure (day 0, 2, 4 and 6) for subsequent preference trials and were then vacuum-stored in polyethylene bags for use as feed. A 15-day preference trial was carried out with goats (German Improved White Goat, n = 5) for each of the six treatments. During the experimental phase, each possible 2-way combination (n = 10) of the exposed silages and of a lucerne hay was offered for 3 hr to each goat. Delayed sealing after 2 and 4 days caused changes in both chemical and microbial composition before sealing. Sealing the silos after 4 days caused high DM losses of up to 11%. At silo opening, higher contents of ethyl acetate and ethyl lactate were found in silages sealed with a delay. A 4-day delay resulted in a shorter aerobic stability compared with immediate sealing (65 vs. 50 hr). Aerobic exposure post-opening led to considerable changes in silage composition, to a drastic loss in feed value and, finally, spoilage. This was mainly reflected in the increase in yeast counts, the strong rise in pH, the worsening of sensory properties and the rapid heating. Neither the different compaction nor the delay significantly influenced forage choice and short-term intake. Compared with this, prolonged aerobic exposure of more than 4 days had a detrimental effect. Exposing silages to air for 6 days resulted in strong avoidance and, across all treatments, a mean decrease in DM intake of 71% compared to silages at opening. Increasing contents of fibre fractions, a deteriorating microbial status and poor silage sensory properties, probably caused by a combination of different fermentation products can be considered for decrease in preference.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7352}
}

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