vom Hövel, Thilo Falk: Spectroscopy of Xenon and Xenon-Noble Gas Mixtures for Bose-Einstein Condensation of Vacuum-Ultraviolet Photons. - Bonn, 2024. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-73659
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/11215,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-73659,
author = {{Thilo Falk vom Hövel}},
title = {Spectroscopy of Xenon and Xenon-Noble Gas Mixtures for Bose-Einstein Condensation of Vacuum-Ultraviolet Photons},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2024,
month = jan,

note = {Bose-Einstein condensation of photons has first been observed in 2010 by the group of Martin Weitz in Bonn. In the experimental scheme, a photon gas is confined to a wavelength-size microcavity filled with a liquid dye solution that exhibits a thermally equilibrated rovibronic level structure. The photon gas is subject to a thermal contact with the dye solution via repeated absorption and reemission cycles; thereby it is driven into thermal equilibrium. Once the photon number exceeds the system’s critical particle number, condensation sets in, with the ground state energy corresponding to the microcavity’s low-frequency cutoff, typically equivalent to around 580 nm wavelength. Besides other intriguing properties, a Bose-Einstein condensate of photons is a source of coherent and monochromatic light circumventing the need for an optically inverted active medium, setting it apart from a laser. Accordingly, a realization in the vacuum-ultraviolet spectral regime (100 nm - 200 nm wavelength) appears particularly alluring, as here the construction of lasers is difficult due to the high pump powers required to achieve population inversion.
The present thesis aims at the exploration of xenon as a thermalization mediator for such an application, with this heaviest of all stable noble gases exhibiting a transition wavelength of 146.9 nm on its 5p6 → 5p56s transition. In dense environments, this gas forms transient quasimolecules, replicating several features of dye molecules, such as the emergence of a quasi-molecular manifold of energetic sublevels and an associated Stokes shift between the spectral profiles of absorption and emission. Experimental results of two-photon excitation spectroscopy of the 5p6 → 5p66p and 5p56p' transitions are reported, aiming at the identification of suitable pumping schemes for future vacuum-ultraviolet photon condensates. Both the gaseous and supercritical phases are covered, with sample pressures as high as 95bar. Additionally, results of an experimental scheme are presented, devised to increase the reabsorption of light emitted on the strongly red-shifted second excimer continuum around 172 nm wavelength by providing an auxiliary visible-spectral-range photon field. Corresponding absorption measurements involving a nondegenerate driving of the 5p6 → 5p56p two-photon transitions are reported.
Further, results on the spectroscopy of mixtures between xenon and any of the other stable noble gases are presented; such heteronuclear mixtures are considered an alternative candidate for a thermalization mediator. In the samples explored here, xenon contributions are relatively small, around 100 ppm of total sample pressures of up to 90bar. For such samples, absorption and emission spectra are investigated with particular emphasis on the influence of varying xenon and noble gas contributions. The fulfillment of the Kennard-Stepanov relation is assessed, an important indicator for the suitability of a medium as thermalization mediator for photons.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/11215}
}

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