The DEAH helicase <em>DHX36</em> and its role in G-quadruplex-dependent processes

Abstract

<em>DHX36</em> is a member of the DExD/H box helicasefamily, which comprises a large number of proteinsinvolved in various cellular functions. Recently, thefunction of DHX36 in the regulation of G-quadruplexes(G4s) was demonstrated. G4s are alternative nucleic acidstructures, which influence many cellular pathways on atranscriptional and post-transcriptional level. In thisreview we provide an overview of the current knowledgeabout <em>DHX36</em> structure, substrate specificity, andmechanism of action based on the available models andcrystal structures. Moreover, we outline its multiplefunctions in cellular homeostasis, immunity, and disease.Finally, we discuss the open questions and providepotential directions for future research.