Sabellek, Katharina: Impact of Land Use and Climate Change on Plant Diversity Patterns in Africa. - Bonn, 2010. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-21885
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/4590,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-21885,
author = {{Katharina Sabellek}},
title = {Impact of Land Use and Climate Change on Plant Diversity Patterns in Africa},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2010,
month = jul,

note = {African plant diversity is strongly threatened by land use and climate change. The growing future demand for food and energy in combination with a climate-change induced decrease in yield will lead to an expansion of agricultural areas. In addition, climate change may reduce habitat suitability within the remaining areas and induce shifts of species ranges. Comprehensive concepts that integrate biodiversity conservation and the facilitation of sustainable human development require appropriate methodical approaches and monitoring schemes.
Interactions between land use and biodiversity are complex and not completely understood. Various approaches to incorporate biodiversity change by broad scale global change models are compared. It is recognized that no reliable and scientific concepts exist that are able to comprehensively include all relevant drivers of diversity loss. The implementation of species interactions, composition and adaptation, according to land use type, intensity and extent, contributes to an improved understanding of species responses to land use-change, and is still not properly dealt with. For that purpose, interdisciplinary collaborations are required in order to develop joint approaches at the interface between broad scale land use and biodiversity modelling.
The integration of land cover change information considerably improves classical species distribution models by delimitating habitat suitability for species and estimating the quality of habitats. Results for a set of woody species in West Africa indicate a decline of their habitat quality by 65% due to woodland cover changes in the reference period from 1990 to 2000. In contrast, within protected areas, local habitat loss is overcompensated by a general improvement of habitat quality by 63%. The approach highlights the benefit of combining the expertise of two different disciplines, remote sensing and macroecology. It is an improvement for the evaluation of habitat quality inside and outside protected areas, and for the spatially and temporally explicit monitoring of biodiversity loss.
Habitat conversion, fragmentation and destruction, may cause a severe decline of species ranges. Until 2050, a considerable proportion of plant species occurring across continental Africa is of particular threat by land use change-induced pressure on their habitats. Potential species range sizes decrease from 63% in 2000 to 56% in 2050 in average. While land use activities predominantly affect range-restricted species today, the assumed future expansion of land use areas may additionally impact the ranges of more widespread species that are located in regions of prospected land use intensification.
In addition to land use change, climate change is responsible for considerable shifts in geographic size and distribution of species ranges. Accordingly, the reduction of the potential range of a particular species leads to an increase of the relative importance of its remaining range. The range-size rarity index reflects the sum of the inverse range size of all species occurring within a particular area. Shifts in range size rarity for 3,144 plant species due to either land use or climate change and for both in combination for continental Africa were considered. Today, areas housing a large proportion of overall species ranges are located in lowland rainforests and the Afrotropical mountains. Due to the combined effect of land use and climate change, the contribution of many lowland areas the overall species ranges decreases pronouncedly. In contrast, the relative importance of Afromontane areas, the Angolan escarpment, and the Namibian coast to represent overall species ranges increases. The approach facilitates a better measure of the conservation value of particular areas in respect to the future impact of land use and climate change. Thus, the presented results contribute to refine priority areas for conservation, and serve as a valuable indicator to improve nature conservation and management policy.
This thesis incorporates assessments of the current and future threat of land use into the evaluation of the status of plant diversity and emphasizes the need for more target-oriented conservation planning. Altogether, it contributes to the development of new methodological approaches for a better understanding of the impact of land use and climate change on plant diversity patterns in Africa.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/4590}
}

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