Wosnitza, Christine Irene: Chemical modulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity : A small molecule inhibitor for the Rabex-5 mediated Rab5 activation. - Bonn, 2013. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-33103
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/5738,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-33103,
author = {{Christine Irene Wosnitza}},
title = {Chemical modulation of guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity : A small molecule inhibitor for the Rabex-5 mediated Rab5 activation},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2013,
month = sep,

note = {The small GTPase Rab5 is a key regulator in the early endocytic pathway. The activity of Rab5 is controlled by numerous guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which catalyse the exchange of GDP for GTP. However, the precise role of specific GEFs, e.g. Rabex-5, for the regulation of certain Rab5 functions remains to be solved. Small molecule inhibitors that target Rab5GEFs could be used to unravel the complex regulation of Rab5. For none of the RabGEFs a specific small molecule inhibitor is available, despite their interesting biological role. Hence, it is questionable whether these proteins represent a class of druggable targets.
In this thesis, the identification and characterization of the first small molecule inhibitor of Rabex-5 is reported. The inhibitor was identified in a screening approach that monitored the Rabex-5-catalysed nucleotide exchange on Rab5 in a fluorescence-based assay. Screening of a library containing 13,000 compounds yielded the small molecule JH5 among several other primary hits. The activity of the most promising hits was confirmed in an independent radioactive nucleotide exchange assay. The in vitro characterization of JH5 revealed that this compound inhibits the Rab5 activation by binding to Rabex-5 with a Kd of 2.6 µM. This affinity is among the strongest compared to the already reported ArfGEF and RhoGEF inhibitors with activities in the mid-micromolar range. Although various GEF domains show structural similarities, it was possible to identify a small molecule that can selectively inhibit the Rabex-5 nucleotide exchange. The nucleotide exchange of the RhoGEF Vav-1, the RabGEF DrrA and the Arf1GEF Cytohesin-2 was not disturbed by JH5. Among these, Cytohesin-2 and DrrA represent the most stringent controls because they act by a catalytic mechanism which is similar to that of Rabex-5.
Investigation of the structure activity relationship of JH5 revealed the importance of the thiol group at position 3 of the central 1,2,4-triazole core. Since addition of the reducing agent dithiothreitol abolished the activity of JH5, a covalent binding mechanism was suspected. Mass spectrometry analysis and Rabex-5 cysteine-to-serine-mutants revealed that JH5 might indeed interact with one of the C terminal positioned cysteines of the Rabex-5 GEF domain. Although the proof for the intracellular applicability of JH5 is pending, its identification and characterization supports the hypothesis that RabGEFs are suitable targets for the development of specific small molecule inhibitors. Due to the combination of high affinity with excellent specificity over other GEFs, JH5 is a promising lead compound for the investigation of Rabex-5 and Rab5 biology. Moreover, JH5 provides a starting point for lead optimization or virtual screening approaches, which are likely to yield even more potent compounds. These can assist in unravelling the complex role of Rabex-5 and Rab5 in health and disease.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/5738}
}

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