Bodea, Gabriela Oana: Molecular mechanisms involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron migration during murine development. - Bonn, 2014. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-35694
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6075,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-35694,
author = {{Gabriela Oana Bodea}},
title = {Molecular mechanisms involved in midbrain dopaminergic neuron migration during murine development},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2014,
month = apr,

note = {Midbrain dopaminergic (MbDA) neurons are located in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and the substantia nigra (SN) and are involved in many brain functions including motor control, reward associated behavior and modulation of emotions. This thesis dissects the migratory routes and the molecular mechanisms underlying the migration of the subsets of MbDA neurons that form the SN and the VTA. Previous attempts to study the migration of MbDA neurons were hampered by the lack of markers for migrating SN and VTA neurons and the lack of a system to monitor their migration in real time. In this study, different MbDA progenitor populations, which give rise to either SN or medial VTA (mVTA) were heritably labeled using a genetic inducible fate mapping method and the changing position of their descendants was assesed at several stages during their migration phase. To monitor migrating MbDA neurons in real time, an organotypic slice culture system of the developing midbrain was established. In this culture system the migratory behaviour of distinct MbDN populations was characterized by time-lapse imaging of fluorescently labeled fate-mapped SN or mVTA neurons. Furthermore, to assess leading edge orientation, the morphology of MbDA neurons was characterized at several developmental stages by three dimensional imaging of whole brains.
The results of this study reveal two distinct modes of MbDA migration: MbDA neurons destined for the SN migrate first radially from their progenitor domain to the forming mantle layer and subsequently switch to tangential migration to reach their final position in the lateral midbrain. In contrast, neurons destined to the mVTA mainly undergo radial migration. The data further show that components of the Reelin signaling pathway are specifically expressed in a lateral MbDA subpopulation during embryonic development. CXCR4, a chemokine receptor, is expressed in medially located MbDA neurons and its ligand, CXCL12, is expressed in the meninges surrounding the midbrain. Time-lapse imaging of migrating MbDA neurons in presence of Reelin blocking antibody and analysis of mice in which Reelin signaling was inactivated demonstrate that Reelin signaling regulates the speed and trajectory of tangentially migrating MbDA neurons and the formation of the SN. In contrast, inactivation of CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling leads to accumulation of MbDA neurons in dorsal aspects of the MbDA neuronal field suggesting that CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling might modulate the radial migration of MbDA neurons.
This study provides a detailed characterization of the distinct migratory pathways taken by MbDA neurons destined for the SN or the mVTA and provides insight into the molecular mechanisms that control different modes of MbDA neuronal migration. These mechanistic insights might serve as a model that can be applied to understand the formation of other nuclei in the ventral brain, where the migration processes are less well understood than in the layered structures of the dorsal brain. Moreover, the results of this study might contribute to improving the in vitro production of MbDA neurons from induced pluripotent or embryonic stem cells by providing markers to identify different subtypes of MbDA neurons during their generation.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6075}
}

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