Paßlick, Stefan: Functional characterization of neuron-NG2 cell synaptic transmission. - Bonn, 2014. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-37152
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6152,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-37152,
author = {{Stefan Paßlick}},
title = {Functional characterization of neuron-NG2 cell synaptic transmission},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2014,
month = sep,

note = {NG2 cells are nowadays considered as a fourth class of glial cells in the CNS. They express various types of voltage-gated ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors and exhibit the capability to proliferate and differentiate. Intriguingly, NG2 cells receive direct synaptic input from glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons throughout the CNS. However, the role of this synaptic innervation remains largely unknown.
Within the framework of the present study three main aspects of the synaptic transmission between neurons and NG2 cells were investigated.
(i) Functional characterization of GABAA receptors in hippocampal NG2 cells.
The fact that NG2 cells express functional GABAA receptors has been known for a long time. However, the subunit composition and functional properties were less evident. The present study revealed that NG2 cells are endowed with a similar set of GABAA receptor subunits as hippocampal neurons. Detailed analysis showed that in addition to synaptic GABAA receptor currents, NG2 cells are able to sense ambient GABA via extrasynaptic receptors. In this context, it could be demonstrated that the γ2-subunit is selectively located in synaptic GABAA receptors while being absent in extrasynaptic ones. Since the γ2-subunit is crucial for clustering of synaptic GABAA receptors in neurons, it probably serves a similar role in NG2 cells.
(ii) Analysis of the GABAA receptor subunit expression pattern of neocortical NG2 cells during postnatal development.
Neocortical NG2 cells experience a switch from synaptic to extrasynaptic GABAergic transmission during postnatal development. The present study revealed that this switch is accompanied by the downregulation of the γ2-subunit of GABAA receptors. Together with the data summarized in (i), these findings suggest that the γ2-subunit is a pivotal component of synaptic GABAA receptors in NG2 cells of different brain regions.
(iii) Role of the NG2 protein in neuron-NG2 cell synaptic signaling.
The NG2 protein exhibits structural similarities to the synaptic cell adhesion proteins neurexins. Furthermore, it is complexed with AMPA receptors via the synaptic protein GRIP. These findings suggested that the NG2 protein might serve as a synaptic cell adhesion protein at neuron-NG2 cells synapses and possibly influence AMPA receptor clustering in the glial postsynaptic density. To test this, synaptic transmission between hippocampal neurons and NG2 cells was investigated in juvenile and aged NG2 knockout animals. The findings revealed that AMPA receptor current kinetics and amplitudes as well as synaptic connectivity and short-term synaptic plasticity were unaltered in the absence of the NG2 protein. Based on these results it can be concluded that the NG2 protein is not necessary for synaptic communication between neurons and NG2 cells. However, further single-cell expression analysis demonstrated frequent expression of the postsynaptic cell adhesion proteins neuroligins in juvenile and aged NG2 cells. This finding indicates similar mechanisms of synaptic cell adhesion at neuron-NG2 cell synapses as known from neuron-neuron synapses.
The results of the present study provide important new insights into the physiology of neuron-NG2 cell synapses. They may thus serve as a valuable basis for future studies aiming at elucidating the function of this unique type of neuron-glia communication.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6152}
}

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