Jara Alvear, José Estuardo: GIS-based sustainability assessment of decentralized rural electrification in the Amazon region : case study Ecuador. - Bonn, 2017. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-48223
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7251,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-48223,
author = {{José Estuardo Jara Alvear}},
title = {GIS-based sustainability assessment of decentralized rural electrification in the Amazon region : case study Ecuador},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2017,
month = sep,

note = {Decentralized rural electrification (DRE) is necessary for electricity supplies in remote and disadvantaged areas in the Amazon region and improvement of the living conditions of the people there. However, the sustainability of DRE is often challenged by an unfavorable policy environment, limited institutional and organizational capacities, restricted financial resources, users' cultural attitudes and values as well as technology and environmental constraints. This study investigates how geographic information system (GIS) and system thinking can be linked for assessing and simulating the sustainability of DRE to enable stakeholders to explore policy scenarios to ensure a long-term electricity supply while improving the peoples' wellbeing and protecting the environment. Research objectives were accomplished by applying an interdisciplinary, participatory and multi-method approach in the Ecuadorian Amazon as a case study.
The aspects that favor or hinder sustainable operation of DRE in the Ecuadorian Amazon were identified through semi-structured interviews with decision makers and a survey in households using solar home systems (SHS). DRE is influenced by an intertwined network of technological, economic, social, institutional and environmental aspects. This complexity was disclosed through a participatory system analysis identifying DRE as a system of interconnected variables that form mostly reinforcing feedback structures without self-regulation. Thus, the provision of electricity in the Ecuadorian Amazon is perceived as an unstable system, not self-sufficient, and politically, technically and financially dependent on external inputs. Therefore, DRE needs to be carefully monitored to provide a basis for proactive and participatory management of a sustainable electricity system.
Linking GIS with fuzzy cognitive mapping (FCM) and multi-criteria decision analysis (MCA) is demonstrated as being capable of capturing the complexity of DRE and assessing and simulating its sustainability in a participatory, systemic and spatial explicit manner. In a workshop with researchers, decision makers and the staff responsible for the solar program ‘Yatsa Ii Etsari’ in Morona Santiago, Ecuador, the viewpoints of the participants on sustainable DRE were integrated into a fuzzy cognitive map (system model) represented by a set of interconnected sustainability variables that allowed the simulation of the developing behavior of the DRE system and predicted future sustainability. Using data from the workshop and a household survey with users of SHS, MCA and GIS allowed the computation and mapping of sustainability for a spatial assessment of DRE at a regional scale and at different levels of aggregation, i.e. indicators, variables and sustainability indexes. The integration of GIS, FCM and MCA thus allowed scenario development and analysis in order to study long-term sustainability trends that might result from different interventions in the DRE system. Simulation results show that the proposed approach can be used to facilitate stakeholder discussions, as it immediately provides plausible outcomes and feedbacks that stakeholders can interpret and, if appropriate, they can revise or reset their ideas for policy interventions. The approach assesses DRE from perspectives other than the conventional, e.g. economic or technological, perspective and has the potential to serve as a learning tool for participatory decision making allowing insights that otherwise would not be possible.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7251}
}

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