Wei, Jing: Reactions between nitrite and soil organic matter and their role in nitrogen trace gas emissions and nitrogen retention in soil. - Bonn, 2018. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49663
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/7331,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-49663,
author = {{Jing Wei}},
title = {Reactions between nitrite and soil organic matter and their role in nitrogen trace gas emissions and nitrogen retention in soil},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2018,
month = jan,

note = {As a key intermediate of both nitrification and denitrification, nitrite (NO2-) is highly chemically reactive to soil organic matter (SOM), and it was proved previously that considerable amounts of nitrogen (N) trace gases were produced from the reactions of NO2- with SOM in chemical assays decades ago. However, the role of NO2--SOM reactions in nitrogen trace gas emissions and nitrogen retention in soils has been neglected until recently. This thesis aimed to gain a better understanding of the contribution of NO2--SOM reactions to nitrogen trace gas emissions and nitrogen retention in soil.
Emissions of N2O and carbon dioxide (CO2) from the reactions of NO2- with lignin and lignin derivatives, as well as N2O isotopic signatures, were studied in chemical assays at pH 3-6. Most interestingly, N2O 15N site preference (SP) varied largely from 11.9-37.4 ‰ depending on pH and structures of lignin derivatives, which was undistinguishable from other N2O sources, such as nitrification, denitrification, and abiotic hydroxylamine oxidation. Furthermore, real-time N2O isotopic characterization revealed that SP also shifted largely during the reaction of NO with lignin derivatives. Hyponitrous acid and nitramide pathways, which could be responsible for N2O formation, were proposed to explain the shift of N2O SP values.
Nitrite-driven N2O and NOx emissions in spruce forest soils and SOM fractions were investigated online and simultaneously with a quantum cascade laser and a chemoluminescence analyzer, respectively. 17-52 % and 3.3-7.1 % of NO2- was immediately transformed to NOx and N2O, respectively, when NO2- was applied into soils. Since the SP values of N2O from NO2--SOM reactions were not distinguishable from that of microbial sources (denitrification and fungal denitrification for this experiment), end-member maps failed to distinguish abiotic from biotic N2O sources, and application of a two-end-member mixing model biased N2O source apportioning by overestimating the contributions of both bacterial and fungal denitrification.
Nitrogen retention resulting from NO2--SOM reactions was investigated in forest, grassland, and agricultural soils using 15N-NO2-, and about 6 % of 15N-NO2- was immobilized by SOM within 4 d. 15N enrichment in the fulvic acid fraction was dramatically higher compared with the humus. Solid-state CP/MAS-15N-NMR analysis revealed that nitro- and amide-N were the dominant products of abiotic N immobilization from NO2--SOM reactions.
The effect of lignin content and composition on N2O emission, N retention, and mineral N pool dynamics were studied in agricultural soil after the application of organic soil amendments and 15N-labelled ammonium in a 114-d laboratory incubation experiment. Both N retention and N2O emission were dramatically promoted by the combined application of N fertilizer and organic substances. Moreover, both N retention and mineral N content were significantly (P < 0.05) correlated with lignin composition. For the first time, it was found that lignin composition regulated N partitioning of fertilizer in soil.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/7331}
}

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