Brinkschulte, Hildegard Maria Rebecca: Biochemical and structural characterization of the NLRP3 inflammasome. - Bonn, 2020. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-57435
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/8280,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-57435,
author = {{Hildegard Maria Rebecca Brinkschulte}},
title = {Biochemical and structural characterization of the NLRP3 inflammasome},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2020,
month = feb,

note = {The innate immune system utilizes inflammasome proteins to recognize danger signals and to fight invading pathogens. To date, the most studied inflammasome protein is NLRP3 - a multidomain protein, composed of a N-terminal PYD-domain, a central NACHT-domain and a C-terminal LRR-domain. NLRP3 was further grouped into the family of AAA+ ATPases. NLRP3 inflamasome formation has previously been shown to depend on atwo-step mechanis: A priming event, initiating the transcriptional upregulation of NLRP3, and an activation event. Nontheless, the mechanisms underlying self-regulation and activation of NLRP3 remain illusive.
The present study sheds light on both, structural and functional aspects of NLRP3 activation-mechanisms and it’s mode of action. Recombinant human MBP-NLRP3 was found to assemble into two oligomeric entities, with deviating biochemical characteristics. A larger protein complex (about 25 MDa) was shown to possess ATP hydrolysis activity, whereas a second species assembled into an inactive octameric to decameric oligomer complex. Moreover, the ATP hydrolysis activity of NLRP3, was shown to go along with a phosphorylation of Ser198, previously identified to regulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation.Characterization of the ATP-binding site by in-silico analysis, followed by a mutational approach, confirmed and revealed amino-acid residues involved in ATP-binding and hydrolysis of NLRP3. The Walker A motif (K232) and the sensor 1 motif (R351) have been confirmed to be crucial for the ATPase activity of NLRP3. Moreover, the Walker B residues G303, D305 and E306 have been shown to be equally important for maintaining ATP hydrolysis activity. The highly conserved histidine residue (H522) was also identified to be essential to the ATP hydrolysis activity of NLRP3 and is thus assumed to take over the function of sensor 2 in NLRP proteins. The amino acids identified as crucial to ATP-hydrolysis in NLRP3suggest a mechanism, deviating from the classical mechanism described for AAA+ ATPases.Finally, the data presented here assign a new function to the NLRP3 inflammasome protein: Adenylate kinase activity. NLRP3 was shown to convert 2 x ADP into 1 x AMP and 1 x ATP and also to mediate the reverse reaction: 1 x AMP+1 x ATP to 2 x ADP. Amino acid residues involved in the process could be identified by introduction of point mutations.
Furthermore, a connection between the CAPS disease and NLRP3 mediated AK-activity was identified. Altogether, the present study supports the model of NLRP3 being an intracellular NTP-sensor and provides new insights into the activation mechanism of NLRP3.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/8280}
}

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