Behrmann, Lara Vanessa: Antibiotic-induced cellular effects in Wolbachia: Insights from cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and corallopyronin A. - Bonn, 2025. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-85589
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-85589
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/13576,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-85589,
doi: https://doi.org/10.48565/bonndoc-691,
author = {{Lara Vanessa Behrmann}},
title = {Antibiotic-induced cellular effects in Wolbachia: Insights from cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and corallopyronin A},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2025,
month = oct,
note = {Anti-Wolbachia therapy is a powerful strategy to treat the human infections lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis, neglected tropical diseases caused by filarial worms that are major drivers of morbidity and poverty. Wolbachia, obligate endobacteria of these worms, are essential for embryogenesis, larval development, and adult survival. Despite their highly reduced genome and lack of a canonical cell wall, Wolbachia retain key enzymes for lipid II synthesis.
This thesis investigates the cellular effects of cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and corallopyronin A (CorA) in Wolbachia. The first publication “In vitro extracellular replication of Wolbachia endobacteria” establishes a host cell-free Wolbachia culture. Host cell lysate enabled extracellular growth of Wolbachia for 12 days. Here, fosfomycin, which inhibits the first dedicated enzyme in lipid II biosynthesis (MurA), induced enlarged extracellular Wolbachia, as seen for intracellular Wolbachia, whereas bacitracin, vancomycin, and ampicillin had no observable effects.
The second publication “MraY inhibitor muraymycin D2 and derivatives induce enlarged cells in obligate intracellular Chlamydia and Wolbachia and break persistence in Chlamydia” explores the cellular effects of muraymycins, inhibitors of MraY, the enzyme catalyzing the first membrane-bound step of lipid II biosynthesis. Two muraymycin derivatives inhibited growth of Wolbachia and induced an enlarged phenotype, similar to fosfomycin, identifying MraY as a new wolbachial target for drug development.
The third publication “No resistance development against corallopyronin A in Wolbachia in C6/36 cell culture” assesses the potential for resistance development against the RNA polymerase inhibitor CorA, which is in preclinical development against human filarial infections. Wolbachia were exposed to CorA for 245 days. No reduction in CorA efficacy was observed, suggesting a low frequency of mutation to resistance and supporting its further development.
The manuscript “Improved RNA preparation for RNA-seq of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia wAlbB” identifies conditions that yielded high-quality RNA for RNA-seq, with custom-designed riboPOOLs effectively depleting rRNA. Combined with host cell mRNA depletion using Dynabeads, 30.2% of reads mapped to Wolbachia, a 300-fold increase compared to our first RNA-seq experiment.
By investigating the cellular effects of cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and CorA in Wolbachia, this thesis provides insights into Wolbachia biology. Key findings include the establishment of a host cell-free Wolbachia culture, muraymycin-induced enlargement of Wolbachia, further supporting that lipid II is essential for their cell division, and the lack of resistance development against CorA in prolonged cell culture. Additionally, an optimized workflow for RNA-seq of Wolbachia will enable detailed transcriptomic studies, including the investigation of cellular effects of antibiotics.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/13576}
}
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5-85589,
doi: https://doi.org/10.48565/bonndoc-691,
author = {{Lara Vanessa Behrmann}},
title = {Antibiotic-induced cellular effects in Wolbachia: Insights from cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and corallopyronin A},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2025,
month = oct,
note = {Anti-Wolbachia therapy is a powerful strategy to treat the human infections lymphatic filariasis and onchocerciasis, neglected tropical diseases caused by filarial worms that are major drivers of morbidity and poverty. Wolbachia, obligate endobacteria of these worms, are essential for embryogenesis, larval development, and adult survival. Despite their highly reduced genome and lack of a canonical cell wall, Wolbachia retain key enzymes for lipid II synthesis.
This thesis investigates the cellular effects of cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and corallopyronin A (CorA) in Wolbachia. The first publication “In vitro extracellular replication of Wolbachia endobacteria” establishes a host cell-free Wolbachia culture. Host cell lysate enabled extracellular growth of Wolbachia for 12 days. Here, fosfomycin, which inhibits the first dedicated enzyme in lipid II biosynthesis (MurA), induced enlarged extracellular Wolbachia, as seen for intracellular Wolbachia, whereas bacitracin, vancomycin, and ampicillin had no observable effects.
The second publication “MraY inhibitor muraymycin D2 and derivatives induce enlarged cells in obligate intracellular Chlamydia and Wolbachia and break persistence in Chlamydia” explores the cellular effects of muraymycins, inhibitors of MraY, the enzyme catalyzing the first membrane-bound step of lipid II biosynthesis. Two muraymycin derivatives inhibited growth of Wolbachia and induced an enlarged phenotype, similar to fosfomycin, identifying MraY as a new wolbachial target for drug development.
The third publication “No resistance development against corallopyronin A in Wolbachia in C6/36 cell culture” assesses the potential for resistance development against the RNA polymerase inhibitor CorA, which is in preclinical development against human filarial infections. Wolbachia were exposed to CorA for 245 days. No reduction in CorA efficacy was observed, suggesting a low frequency of mutation to resistance and supporting its further development.
The manuscript “Improved RNA preparation for RNA-seq of the intracellular bacterium Wolbachia wAlbB” identifies conditions that yielded high-quality RNA for RNA-seq, with custom-designed riboPOOLs effectively depleting rRNA. Combined with host cell mRNA depletion using Dynabeads, 30.2% of reads mapped to Wolbachia, a 300-fold increase compared to our first RNA-seq experiment.
By investigating the cellular effects of cell wall biosynthesis inhibitors and CorA in Wolbachia, this thesis provides insights into Wolbachia biology. Key findings include the establishment of a host cell-free Wolbachia culture, muraymycin-induced enlargement of Wolbachia, further supporting that lipid II is essential for their cell division, and the lack of resistance development against CorA in prolonged cell culture. Additionally, an optimized workflow for RNA-seq of Wolbachia will enable detailed transcriptomic studies, including the investigation of cellular effects of antibiotics.},
url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/13576}
}





