Ahmed, Fathy Ahmed Abdalla: Contaminant transport in a fractured chalk aquifer at Sigerslev, Denmark, as characterised by tracer techniques. - Bonn, 2005. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-04984
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/2136,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-04984,
author = {{Fathy Ahmed Abdalla Ahmed}},
title = {Contaminant transport in a fractured chalk aquifer at Sigerslev, Denmark, as characterised by tracer techniques},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2005,
note = {Over the past three decades, the primary interest of hydrogeological investigations has shifted from problems of water supply to water quality issues. Contamination of aquifers is a growing and demanding problem. In the context of assessment studies for feasible radioactive waste disposal sites contaminant transport in fractured aquifers has re-ceived a great attention. Transport processes in fractured aquifer are characterised by a couple of transport mechanisms within the fracture and the neighbouring matrix.
In order to investigate the dominant transport mechanisms, various laboratory experi-ments with nitrate as a representative for agricultural contaminants compared to various hydrogeological tracers were performed in Danish chalk samples. The characteristics of the Danish chalk such as it’s sorptive and diffusive properties were evaluated by batch and through-diffusion experiments.
The chalk exhibits linear sorption isotherms and low sorption capacities. This was ex-pected due to the high purity of the Danish chalk with a low content of clay minerals and organic matter. Based on a series of through-diffusion experiments a chalk specific ex-ponent m of 2.2 was derived for Archie’s law. According to the results of batch and dif-fusion experiments, nitrate as well as the other used tracers showed a low retardation in the Danish chalk. To understand the possible transport mechanisms of tracers in a frac-tured chalk block, laboratory single- and multi-tracer tests were carried out in two blocks under defined boundary conditions. The breakthrough curves (BTC’s) of the tracers are governed by sharp peaks due to advective transport and dispersive respectively diffu-sive transport processes in the tailing part of the BTC’s. The simulation of the BTC’s with the single fissure dispersion model could not reasonably fit the BTC’s. A multi-channel SFDM with the superposition of BTC’s of at least two different flow paths, re-sulted in an acceptable fit (by calculating the cumulative tracer breakthrough and recov-ery curves). Those simulations indicate the existence of flow channelling effects within the fracture. Comparing the BTC’s of nitrate, uranin and lithium implied possible adsorp-tion and/or degradation of nitrate within the fracture and the chalk matrix. The results showed that matrix diffusion process plays only a minor role in the determination of the fate of nitrate in the groundwater aquifers. The key factor controlling the fate of nitrate in the groundwater is the redox process. Reduction of nitrate is of particular importance for natural remediation process in the case of contaminated aquifers in agricultural areas.
Flow and transport behaviour of different solutes in a fractured chalk blocks were visual-ized and showed that flow and transport is concentrated in a few distinct channels. The description of the observed BTC`s with a multi-channel model is still a theoretical sug-gestion and needs more investigations to be confirmed. Those investigations include quantifying and measuring the fracture aperture with different techniques such as NMR and MRI.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/2136}
}

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