Wilker, Henning: Soil Moisture Analysis Based On Microwave Brightness Temperatures : A Study on Systematic and Random Errors. - Bonn, 2007. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-10526
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/3085,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5N-10526,
author = {{Henning Wilker}},
title = {Soil Moisture Analysis Based On Microwave Brightness Temperatures : A Study on Systematic and Random Errors},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2007,
note = {In the context of the EU research project ELDAS, the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts developed an experimental soil moisture analysis system which is able to assimilate both screen-level variables (2-metre air temperature and relative humidity) and satellite-observed land surface brightness temperatures at low microwave frequencies. Based on measurements from the Southern Great Plains Hydrology Experiments (SGP97 and SGP99), this study investigates the impact of potential systematic and random errors on the performance of the ELDAS soil moisture analysis and discusses how to cope with these errors in operational applications. Three topics are addressed in detail:
(a) An error propagation experiment simulates the effects of erroneous precipitation forcing on the soil moisture of different model layers. The resulting depth-dependent uncertainties are integrated into the model error covariance matrix. Analysed soil moisture and modelled surface heat fluxes from assimilation runs using this covariance matrix are compared to results from reference runs using a vertically uniform model error. The different model error covariance matrices significantly affect model soil moisture and fluxes; a preferable setting, however, can not be identified.
(b) An easy-to-apply method of accounting for systematic errors of observations, forward operators and the background soil moisture in an operational large-scale forecast environment is to correct the observations used for the assimilation procedure by the innovation bias (the systematic deviation of the observations from the model equivalents). Such a correction is carried out based on data from an SGP97 site and is shown to improve the performance of the soil moisture analysis. The simulation of the surface latent and sensible heat fluxes, however, does not benefit from the improved analysis. Significant contributions to the innovation biases are shown to result from the microwave forward operator and a dry bias of the modelled near-surface soil moisture.
(c) Land surface schemes of current weather forecast models do not sufficiently resolve the top few centimetres of the soil from where the main brightness temperature signal originates. In case of non-uniform near-surface soil moisture and temperature profiles in reality, the assimilation of the corresponding brightness temperature observations can lead to misinterpretations by the soil moisture analysis. The relevance of this model shortcoming is investigated with artificial profiles created on the basis of SGP99 soil moisture and temperature measurements. Mean brightness temperature errors of up to 5 K are found depending on the days elapsed after a rainfall event. A simple bias correction method is presented and applied for the SGP97 period.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/3085}
}

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