Bauer, Oliver: Surface bonding of a functionalized aromatic molecule : Adsorption configurations of PTCDA on coinage metal surfaces. - Bonn, 2015. - Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
Online-Ausgabe in bonndoc: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-42331
@phdthesis{handle:20.500.11811/6587,
urn: https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:hbz:5n-42331,
author = {{Oliver Bauer}},
title = {Surface bonding of a functionalized aromatic molecule : Adsorption configurations of PTCDA on coinage metal surfaces},
school = {Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn},
year = 2015,
month = dec,

note = {The present work aims at establishing a comprehensive model for the bonding mechanism for the adsorption of the organic prototype molecule 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic 3,4:9,10-dianhydride (PTCDA) on coinage metal surfaces. Due to its chemical constitution, the PTCDA molecule allowed studying the effects of both the ϖ-conjugated system and the presence of functional groups, including heteroatoms, on the interfacial bonding. As a basic principle, the surface bonding mechanism of large ϖ-conjugated molecules is of immense interest for understanding the structural and electronic properties of organic thin films. Insight into relevant interaction channels and their relative contribution to the bonding can be obtained from a detailed determination of the bonding configuration of the same molecule on different crystal faces of chemically related substrates (or one substrate), including the positions of all relevant atoms.
Within the context of the present work, we have investigated the geometric adsorption configurations of PTCDA on the Cu3Au(111), the Ag(100), the Ag(110), and the K:Ag(110) surface [i.e., a potassium-modified, reconstructed Ag(110) surface] with the x-ray standing waves (XSW) technique under normal incidence. Thereby, we have amended the series of earlier XSW results on the adsorption configurations of PTCDA on coinage metal (111) surfaces, namely, on Au(111), Ag(111), and Cu(111). In addition, we have employed low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) in combination with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) as well as theoretical calculations [at density functional theory (DFT) level] for clarifying both the lateral geometric structures and the electronic properties at the metal/organic interfaces, complementing earlier results.
The adsorption height of the PTCDA molecules decreases in the series Au(111), Cu3Au(111) (in the initial, more Au-analogous and the final, more Cu-analogous adsorption state), Cu(111), Ag(111), Ag(100), and Ag(110), as was revealed by XSW. In addition, the intrinsically planar PTCDA molecules exhibit distortions in the adsorbed state which alter from one surface to the next. On the Au(111) surface, PTCDA is concluded to be essentially undistorted while on Cu3Au(111) and Cu(111) [4] PTCDA exhibits a boat-like distortion with the perylene core of the molecule being closer to the surface than the atoms within the functional groups. On the canonical Ag surfaces, however, the situation is reversed. The distortion of the PTCDA molecule is saddle-like on Ag(111) and arch-like on Ag(100) and Ag(110), respectively, with the carbon and the oxygen atoms within the functional groups being closer to the surface than the perylene core now. The distortion of the molecular C backbone increases with decreasing surface atom coordination number for PTCDA/Ag(hkl). On K:Ag(110), PTCDA adsorbs in a saddle-like configuration, too.
On the basis of our structural and spectroscopic results, we propose a universal bonding mechanism for the adsorption of PTCDA on coinage metal surfaces. This bonding mechanism is composed of several constituents (bonding channels). Besides the inevitable van der Waals (vdW) interactions, the main bonding channels are (a) a metal-to-molecule charge transfer and (b) local O-M bonds (M = Ag, K) on the anhydride groups; (c) in some cases - especially in the case of strong surface bonding -, local C-M bonds (M = Ag, Cu) may evolve, too. Note that these bonding channels (a)-(c) are of chemical nature, that is, actual chemical bonds are formed between the surface (atoms) and the adsorbate molecules.},

url = {https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11811/6587}
}

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